In this investigation, the electroless copper method with various cupric sulfate concentrations (0.24, 0.36, 0.48, 0.60M) without sensitizing and activating is used to deposit electroless copper compounds (CuS) on the swelling pretreatment polyacrylonitrile(SPAN) surface for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials. The acetic acid can swell polyacrylonitrile (PAN) effectively which donot destroy the hexagonal structure of polyacrylonitrile, only looses the molecule chain of polyacrylonitrile then the hexagonal CuS crystal deposits on the SPAN easily, and increases the EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of CuS-SPAN composites. However, the nearly amorphous of CuS deposits on the surface of without swelling pretreatment PAN(CuS-PAN). The EMI SE of CuS-SPAN composites are better than those of CuS-PAN, 10-15 dB larger from CuS-PAN. In the study, the best EMI SE of CuS-SPAN and CuS-PAN composites are about 30-35 dB and 18-20 dB respectively, as the cupric ion concentration is 0.48M. From the high resolution transmission electron micrographs(HR-TEM) analysis, there are two structures, face-centered cubic(FCC) Cu 2-x S crystal in the inner layer of CuS-SPAN composite and hexagonal CuS crystal on the outer layer of CuS-SPAN composite, in the SPAN as the cupric ion concentration is 0.48M. The particle size distribution of Cu 2-x S in the inner layer of CuS-SPAN is from 6 to 30 nm. However, the major particle size distribution of Cu 2-x S in the inner layer of CuS-SPAN is from 15 to 20 nm.
The diffusion coefficient D, gas solubility k of material and the thickness of lens t were used to evaluate the oxygen permeability Dk/t of contact lenses (CLs). However, the nominal value Dk/t is usually not consistent with the actual oxygen permeability of wearing CL. As the oxygen travel through the hydrogel, it need to be carried by water molecules in the lens material; thus, the higher the water content (WC) of the material, the higher the Dk/t value. In order to obtain the WC and Dk/t of wearing CL, we create a testing platform to simulate the wearing status of CL. When the light traveled through the lens, we found that the attenuation in green light is smoother than other wavelengths. Moreover, the WC is higher, its dewatering rate at room temperature is lower, and the light attenuation is relatively smaller. Comparing with the other CL of similar WC, the Dk/t of CL is higher if it has higher dehydration. In the study, we evaluated the WC and Dk/t of hydrogel CL based on the light attenuation in eight minutes. The attenuation degree of light after traveling through the CL can be used to estimate the Dk/t of hydrogel CL.
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