One-step synthesis of an octane booster
for gasoline and a diesel
fuel was performed using glycerol and tert-butyl
alcohol (TBA) as raw materials and the solid acid Amberlyst-70 (A-70)
as a catalyst. In contrast to the conventional etherification of glycerol
with TBA operated at a low temperature resulting in a homogeneous
product mixture, our study revealed that the same process at elevated
reaction temperatures would automatically separate the products into
an organic phase and an aqueous phase. The components of the former
consisted of unconverted TBA, isobutylene (IB), 2,2,4-trimethyl-1-pentene,
2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentene (DIB), 2,2,4,6-pentamethyl-3-heptene, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-methyleneheptane
(TIB), and oxygen-limited hydrocarbons (HCs), which are constituents
that are different from the product distribution of the conventional
reaction. The latter was composed of water, unconverted TBA, and glycerol.
After a simple laboratory distillation of the organic phase product
mixture, the distillate obtained by a simple distillation maintained
at 225 °C in the still could be used as an octane booster for
gasoline, while the residue could be adopted as diesel fuel.
Carboxylic amides Q 0490A Practical and Efficient Synthesis of (E)-β-Aryl-α,β-Unsaturated Amides. -The title compounds are synthesized with complete (E)-stereoselectivity by the one-pot procedure starting from α-sulfonyl acetamides. Various benzyl bromides are tolerated bearing electron-withdrawing groups on the aromatic ring. This method is also applicable to the formal synthesis of calcimimetic (+)-NPS R-568 (XV). -(CHEN, C.-C.; HO, J.-C.; CHANG*, N.
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