Key Points Question What factors are associated with self-reported psychological distress among school-aged children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic? Findings In this cross-sectional study including 1 199 320 children and adolescents, the prevalence of self-reported psychological distress was 10.5%. Students who never wore a face mask were at higher risk for psychological distress compared with students who wore a face mask frequently, as were students who spent less than 0.5 hours exercising compared with students who spent more than 1 hour in exercising. Meaning These findings suggest that the prevalence of self-reported psychological distress among school-aged children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic was relatively high.

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BackgroundThis study uses scientometrics methodology to reveal the status quo and emerging issues of collaboration in health management.MethodsWe searched all the articles with the keyword “health management” in the period 1999–2011 in Web of Knowledge, then 3067 articles were found. Methods such as Social network analysis (SNA), co-authorship, co-word analysis were used in this study.ResultsAnalysis of the past 13 years of research in the field of health management indicates that, whether the production of scientific research, or authors, institutions and scientific research collaboration at the national level, collaboration behavior has been growing steadily across all collaboration types. However, the international scientific research cooperation about health management study between countries needs to be further encouraged. 17 researchers can be seen as the academic leaders in this field. 37 research institutions play a vital role in the information dissemination and resources control in health management. The component analysis found that 22 research groups can be regarded as the backbone in this field. The 8 institution groups consisting of 33 institutions form the core of this field. USA, UK and Australia lie in the center by cohesive subgroup analysis; Based on keywords analysis, 44 keywords with high frequency such as care, disease, system and model were involved in the health management field.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that although it is growing steadily, collaboration behavior about health management study needs to be enhanced, especially between different institutions or countries/regions, which would promote the progress and internationalization of health management. Besides, researchers should pay attention to the cooperation of representative scholars and institutions, as well as the hot areas of research, because their experience would help us promote the research development of our nation.

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BackgroundIn China, the problems of population aging and empty nesting have become important issues which will affect the social stability and economic development. The aim of this study was to explore the health promoting lifestyles and influencing factors among empty nesters and compare with non-empty nesters to find out their differences, so as to provide a scientific evidence for people to formulate health management strategies for elderly.MethodsA cross-sectional survey which used a stratified random cluster sampling method, was conducted among 500 elders in six districts of Taiyuan, China, there were 288 empty nesters and 212 non-empty nesters. The general information and health- promoting lifestyles were investigated by using the self-made General Information Questionnaire and Health Promoting Lifestyle Scale(HPLP). Two-sample t-test and Chi-square test were used to compare the sociodemographic factors, HPLP scores of empty nesters to non-empty nesters; Multiple stepwise linear regression was performed to estimate influencing factors related to the HPLP of empty nesters and non-empty nesters.ResultsThe current findings showed that there were differences between the empty nesters and non-empty nesters in gender, resident, marital status, education and income, self-care ability, source of income, relationship with spouse and social activities (P < 0.05). Empty nesters were mostly male, married, had a higher education level, self-care ability and income and lived in urban compared with non-empty nesters. The health promoting lifestyles of the elderly in this survey were in the medium level, the highest score for all dimensions in both groups was in nutrition, whereas health responsibility was executed worst. The HPLP and six subscales scores of the empty nesters were higher than non-empty nesters, there were significant differences in total score of HPLP, self-realization and health responsibility (P < 0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that the main predictive factors for the empty nesters were education, self-care ability and resident, whereas the main predictive factors for the non-empty nesters were parents-child relationship, source of income and age; social activity was the common factor for two group.ConclusionThe health promoting lifestyles of the empty nesters was better than that of the non-empty nesters. Health responsibility, interpersonal relations and stress management were key dimensions to be improved. Except social activity, education, self-care ability and resident were the unique influencing factors of health-promoting lifestyles for empty nesters, while the parents-child relationship, income and age were unique factors for non-empty nesters. The main target of Intervention strategy for elderly health promoting lifestyles should be the enhance of health responsibility, interpersonal relations and stress management by improving social activities, parent-child relationship, education and income of elderly.

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This study investigated the association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and sex hormones in a large, nationally representative adult male sample. Materials and Methods: We utilized data from the 2013e2014 and 2015e2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Males aged !20 years who provided a 24-hour dietary intake history and underwent serum sex hormone testing were included in analysis. Weighted proportions and multivariable analysis controlling for age, race, energy, smoking status, education level, body mass index and time of venipuncture were used to evaluate the associations between Dietary Inflammatory Index and sex hormones. Results: For 4,151 participants, Dietary Inflammatory Index ranged from À5.05 to 5.48. MeanAESD total testosterone was 419.30AE176.27 ng/dl. MeanAESD total testosterone was lower among men in the highest tertile compared with men in the lowest tertile group (410.42AE171.97 vs 422.71AE175.69, p <0.001). A per unit increase in Dietary Inflammatory Index was related to 4.0% (95% CI 0.5e7.6) higher odds of testosterone deficiency. In the fully adjusted multivariable model, males in Dietary Inflammatory Index tertile 3 (the most pro-inflammatory) had 29.6% (3.1e63.0) higher odds of testosterone deficiency than those in tertile 1 (p trend[0.025). Interaction tests revealed no significant effect of body mass index on the association of Dietary Inflammatory Index with testosterone deficiency and all sex hormone parameters. Conclusions: Men adhering to a more pro-inflammatory diet appear to have a higher risk of testosterone deficiency, indicating the important role of diet in male reproductive health.