Annexins (ANXs) are a large group of calcium-binding proteins participating in diverse important biological processes. ANXA10 is the least expressed new member of unknown function. We showed that ANXA10 mRNA was expressed in adult liver and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but not in multiple adult and fetal tissues, cholangiocarcinoma, and several other common carcinomas. Of 182 unifocal primary HCCs, ANXA10 mRNA was dramatically reduced in 121 (66%), and the down-regulation correlated with p53 mutation (P ‫؍‬ 0.024), early intrahepatic tumor recurrence (P ‫؍‬ 0.0007), and lower 4-year survival (P ‫؍‬ 0.0014). Down-regulation of ANXA10 was twofold more frequent in large than small HCCs (P ‫؍‬ 0.0012), in grade II to III than grade I HCC (P < 0.00001), and in stage IIIA to IV than stage I to II HCC (P < 0.00001). Moreover, ANXA10 down-regulation and p53 mutation acted synergistically toward high-grade (P < 0.00001), high-stage HCC (P < 0.00001), and poorer prognosis (P ‫؍‬ 0.0025). Our results indicate that the expression of the tissue-and tumor-restricted ANXA10 is a marker of liver cell differentiation and growth arrest, and its down-regulation associated with malignant phenotype of hepatocytes, vascular invasion, and progression of HCC, leading to poor prognosis. Thus, ANXA10 might serve as a new potential target of gene therapy for HCC.

IGF2BP3 enhances cell invasion ability and tumorigenicity in human OSCC in vitro and in vivo. IGF2BP3 is an independent prognostic factor in patients with OSCC. Targeting of IGF2BP3 could potentially suppress the tumor growth and metastasis to improve the outcome of patients with OSCC.

Our study suggests LEF1 expression in OSCC may play an important role in tumor progression and can be served as a predictor of poor prognosis for patients with OSCC.