The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to assess the efficacy of a family-based (FB) weight-loss and behavior-modification intervention among overweight/obese children (age 9-11 years) and their parents in Taiwan. The intervention group (52 child-parent dyads) participated in an FB program for 7 weeks. The control group (55 child-parent dyads) received an educational pamphlet about obesity prevention. The children's body mass index (BMI) z-scores were the primary outcome variable. The parents' BMI, high-calorie (HC) food-intake behaviors, screen-related behaviors, and restrictions on children's consumption of HC foods and screen-related behaviors and the availability of HC foods at home were the secondary outcome variables. Outcome variables were measured at baseline (T0), at the end of the intervention (T1), and 4 weeks after the end of the intervention (T2). A linear mixed model was used to assess the efficacy of the FB program. Results indicated that the children's BMI z-scores decreased significantly more from T0 to T2 in the experimental group than in the control group. The decreases in parents' HC food-intake behaviors and availability of HC foods at home and the increase in parental restrictions on children's consumption of HC foods were significantly greater in the experimental than in the control group from T0 to T1 and T0 to T2. The FB program was effective in modifying parental behaviors and the weight of overweight/obese children in a Taiwanese population.
This prospective study tested a model to depict associations between a number of individual characteristics and 6‐month glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Adolescents (N = 232) aged 10–19 years with T1D were recruited from a medical center in Taiwan. Demographic characteristics, emotional autonomy, problem‐solving ability, self‐efficacy at baseline, and self‐management information three months after baseline were collected using a self‐reported questionnaire. HbA1c levels 6 months after study commencement were obtained from medical records. Structural equation modeling was used to test the model. Higher baseline self‐efficacy and self‐management at 3 months were directly associated with lower 6‐month HbA1c levels. Higher baseline problem‐solving ability and self‐efficacy were directly associated with higher 3‐month self‐management, and higher baseline problem‐solving ability was directly associated with higher baseline self‐efficacy. Higher baseline emotional autonomy was directly associated with lower 6‐month HbA1c levels but indirectly associated with higher 6‐month HbA1c levels through the mediation of lower problem‐solving ability, self‐efficacy, and 3‐month self‐management. Findings indicate that improving self‐management is essential to improving subsequent glycemic control, which might be achieved by enhancing problem‐solving ability and self‐efficacy. Strengthening problem‐solving ability could diminish the negative impact of emotional autonomy on subsequent glycemic control in adolescents with T1D.
Female urethral catheterization (UC) is a common procedure. Nurses need to be aware of the complications associated with catheterization to practice it safely and minimize the risks to the patient. The most common complications are trauma and infection. We report the case of a 62-year-old woman with an unusual complication of UC-mimicking perforation. The catheter was blindly inserted into the renal pelvis.
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