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Vertically aligned large-area p-Cu(2)O/n-AZO (Al-doped ZnO) radial heterojunction nanowire arrays were synthesized on silicon without using catalysts in thermal chemical vapor deposition followed by e-beam evaporation. Scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy results show that poly-crystalline Cu(2)O nano-shells with thicknesses around 10 nm conformably formed on the entire periphery of pre-grown Al:ZnO single-crystalline nanowires. The Al doping concentration in the Al:ZnO nanowires with diameters around 50 nm were determined to be around 1.19 at.% by electron energy loss spectroscopy. Room-temperature photoluminescence spectra show that the broad green bands of pristine ZnO nanowires were eliminated by capping with Cu(2)O nano-shells. The current-voltage (I-V) measurements show that the p-Cu(2)O/n-AZO nanodiodes have well-defined current rectifying behavior. This paper provides a simple method to fabricate superior p-n radial nanowire arrays for developing nano-pixel optoelectronic devices and solar cells.

We report on strong plasmonic coupling from silver nanoparticles covered by hydrogen-terminated chemically vapor deposited single-layer graphene, and its effects on the detection and identification of adenine molecules through surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The high resistivity of the graphene after subjecting to remote plasma hydrogenation allows plasmonic coupling induced strong local electromagnetic fields among the silver nanoparticles to penetrate the graphene, and thus enhances the SERS efficiency of adenine molecules adsorbed on the film. The graphene layer protects the nanoparticles from reactive and harsh environments and provides a chemically inert and biocompatible carbon surface for SERS applications.

Raman spectroscopy was shown to be sensitive to the presence of diluted low-concentration defects in both pristine and carbon-coated lithium titanate.