Three polyesters-poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(2-methyl-1,3-propylene terephthalate-co-ethylene terephthalate), and poly(1,4-cyclohexylene terephthalate-coethylene terephthalate)-were preirradiated with 60 Co-␥-rays. Then, acrylic acid and N-vinylformamide were grafted to these irradiated fibers. Fibers grafted with N-vinylformamide were further hydrolyzed with acid so that the amide groups would convert into amino groups, and they were treated with glutaraldehyde so that aldehyde groups would be introduced. Chitosan or chitooligosaccharide was then grafted to these fibers via either esterification or imine formation. Four pathogenic bacteria-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-1 (MRSA), Staphylococcus aureus-2, Escherichid coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa-were tested to determine the antibacterial activities of chitosan-grafted and chitooligosaccharide-grafted fibers. The results showed that grafting chitosan via imine formation could achieve a higher surface density for amino groups and give higher antibacterial activity to those four bacteria tested. The antibacterial activity for E. coli was the highest and that for MRSA was the lowest among the four bacteria tested.
Acrylic acid was grafted to ozone-treated poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) (PHB) and poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid) (PHBV) membranes. The resulting membranes were further grafted with chitosan (CS) or chitooligosaccharide (COS) via esterification. These CS-or COS-grafted membranes showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and S. aureus. The antibacterial activity to E. coli was the highest, whereas the antibacterial activity to MRSA was the lowest among these four bacteria tested. Acrylic acid grafting can increase the biodegradability with Alcaligens faecalis, whereas CS and COS grafting can reduce the biodegradability. In addition, CS-grafted PHBV membrane showed higher antibacterial activity and lower biodegradability than COS-grafted PHBV membrane.
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers were treated with 60 Co-g-ray and grafted with acrylic acid. The resulting fibers were further grafted with chitosan (CS) via esterification. Afterward, hyaluronic acid (HA) was immobilized onto CS-grafting fibers. The antibacterial activity of CS against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa was preserved after HA-immobilization. After immobilizing HA, the L929 fibroblasts cell proliferation was improved for CS-grafting PET fiber. The results indicate that by grafting with CS and immobilizing with HA, PET fibers not only exhibit antibacterial activity, but also improve the cell proliferation for fibroblast.
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