The most common reason that parents not opting for influenza vaccination for their children was the lack of recommendation by a doctor. The results of this study suggest that recommendation by a doctor is a more important factor than belief in efficacy, cost, or convenience in parental decision-making regarding childhood influenza vaccination in India, unlike the United States where parents are less likely to follow recommendations.
Although modifying the default to an opt-out system has been shown to be effective in some health care procedures, the current results reveal this system is not always effective in producing the healthiest medical behaviors. Our research, then, suggests that opt-out paradigms are not an overall panacea for increasing participation in preventive health. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).
Introduction Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. The largest barriers to treating PPH are symptom recognition and timely diagnosis. The SAPHE (Signaling a Postpartum Hemorrhage Emergency) Mat was constructed so that each square on the Mat absorbs up to 50 mL of blood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation of visually estimated blood loss (EBL) using the SAPHE Mat with actual blood loss. Methods Thirty-six patients gave birth via vaginal delivery using the SAPHE Mat. Visual estimation of blood loss using the SAPHE Mat was calculated by multiplying the number of blood- saturated squares or partial squares by 50 mL. The visual EBL was compared with the actual blood loss calculated based on Mat weight before and after use (volume blood loss). Results Visual blood loss estimations were within 100 mL of the volume blood loss 69 % of the time and within 200 mL 97 % of the time. The mean difference between the visual EBL and volume blood loss (Mat weight change) was 80.91 mL. The Pearson correlation coefficient for visual EBL and volume blood loss was positive at 0.96 (p < 0.001). Discussion The SAPHE Mat is able to provide a visual estimate of blood loss that is highly correlated with the actual blood loss on the mat. Future studies will assess the ability to deploy the SAPHE Mat in low-resource settings as a potential guide for estimating blood loss to assist in improved management of PPH.
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