The prenatal diagnosis of wormian bones has not been made previously. We report four fetuses with wormian bones but none of the associated anomalies. The diagnosis, differential diagnosis, associated anomalies, and prognosis of this entity are discussed.
We assessed the use of air as a sonographic contrast agent in the investigation of tubal patency by sonohysterography. We examined 115 women assessed for infertility. After saline sonohysterography, small amounts of air were insufflated, and the tubal passage of bubbles was monitored. In five patients (excluded from the results), cervical stenosis prevented the procedure. Ninety‐one tubes (right side) and 86 tubes (left side) were definitively patent; 5 and 7, respectively, were probably patent; and 12 and 16, respectively, were nonvisualized. Nine patients had polyps, 3 had synechiae, and 2 had submucosal fibroids. None of the patients had infectious complications. Air‐sonohysterography and laparoscopy with chromopertubation showed agreement in 79.4%. In 17.2% of patients, the tubes were considered nonvisualized by air‐sonohysterography when they were patent. The sensitivity was 85.7% and specificity 77.2%. In conclusion, air‐sonohysterography is a comfortable, simple, and inexpensive first line of tubal patency investigations yielding high accuracy.
Early human brain ventricular structures could be evaluated in vivo with 3-dimensional sonography. This presentation shows the timeline of brain development and provides reference images to compare possible anomalies of development.
e present a case of prenatally diagnosed double aneuploidy with an additional chromosome 21 characteristic of Down syndrome and an additional XXY complement characteristic of Klinefelter syndrome. Sonographic findings were suggestive of Down syndrome: absent nasal bone, bilateral brachymesophalangia of the fifth digit, prominent but normal lateral ventricles, and a short femur and humerus for gestational age. Despite postnatal complications, the child was alive and well at 19 months of age. A review of the literature was performed to determine the prevalence, prenatal mortality rate, phenotype, and sonographic findings reported in other cases of Down-Klinefelter double aneuploidy.
Alobar holoprosencephaly is an intracranial abnormality characterized by failure of proper cleavage of the prosencephalon, accompanied by incomplete midfacial development. The prenatal sonographic diagnosis of alobar holoprosencephaly was first described in 1984; however, there have been only two reports of alobar holoprosencephaly diagnosed in the first trimester. We report a case of alobar holoprosencephaly diagnosed at 10 weeks of gestation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.