Biomass-derived porous carbons with very high specific surface area (SSA) and heteroatom-doping are important for obtaining high performance supercapacitor. In this study, we report a simple and straightforward strategy, which involves the efficient and exothermic pyrolysis of Mg/K/Mg•K-nitrate-urea-cellulose mixture with subsequent high temperature carbonization and washing treatment, to produce N-doped porous carbon with tunable pore structure. The vigorous exothermic pyrolysis of Mg/K/Mg•K-nitrate-urea-cellulose induces the formation of large macropores. The subsequent high temperature carbonization and washing treatments remove Mg,K compounds and facilitate the creation of numerous micro and mesopores. The pore size distribution of the obtained carbon is quite dependent on the Mg•K ratio in the precursors. In this manner, the three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbon with SSA larger than 2700 m 2 g -1 is obtained. The obtained porous carbon as the electrodes for supercapacitor in two-electrode measurement shows high specific capacitance (279 F g -1 at 1 A g -1 in a 6 M KOH electrolyte), excellent cycling stability (larger than 89% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles at 2 A g -1 ) and good rate capability (235 F g -1 at even 30 A g -1 ). These results indicate that biomass cellulose-derived heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbon is a promising material for supercapacitor.
Advertising copies have been considered as a fundamental strategy for firms to continue sustainable marketing strategies. In order to provide the advancement of previous research and practical implication to marketers in the field for sustainable marketing strategy, this research tried to reveal the role of emotional and rational appeals as well as hidden heterogeneity of consumers in the appeal–value–trust–satisfaction–WOM framework. By applying the PLS-SEM and PLS-POS approach to 230 valid questionnaire samples, we could discover the role of appeals in the framework as well as three types of unobserved heterogeneity among the respondents. Both emotional and rational appeals had significant influences on the value–satisfaction–trust–WOM context. In addition, for hidden consumer traits in advertising copies, we revealed three types of consumer groups: Type 1, the consumer group with a rational orientation (n = 68); Type 2, the group with an emotional orientation (n = 74) and Type 3, the group with a utilitarian orientation. This research provided contributions by offering some insight into ways to establish sustainable marketing strategies in advertisements and to address unobserved heterogeneity consumers in advertising copy appeals.
Emojis are prevalent in modern social media advertising. Despite this fact, little research can be found on its effects on consumer purchase intentions. This study seeks to examine purchase intentions in the context of Sponsored Ads on Facebook News Feeds, their perceived intrusiveness, and how the added factor of emoji presence can further affect consumer perception in order to suggest a pathway for establishing sustainable marketing strategies. We investigated the effect of emojis on consumers and then the extent to which ad personalization can attenuate intrusiveness to the point of influencing purchase intentions. In the empirical investigations (an online study) conducted, the study revealed several interesting findings. First, the emoji presence in Sponsored Ads on the News Feed did not prompt the users’ perceived intrusiveness. Second, the emoji use led to decreased purchase intentions. Third, the perceived intrusiveness did not mediate the relationship between emoji presence (vs. absence) and purchase intentions. Lastly, the emoji presence decreased perceived intrusiveness and also increased purchase intentions when consumers perceived ads to be less personalized. The findings of this research provide both theoretical and managerial implications of the effects of emojis, and the reasons as to why their usage affects the desired ad goals when used in Sponsored Ads on Facebook from the perspective of sustainable marketing.
The dominant position of e-commerce is especially being articulated in the retailing industry once again due to several constraints that the world faces in the COVID-19 pandemic era. In this regard, this study explores the significant role of trust transfer (from offline to online) and the moderating effect of consumers’ neurotic traits in the framework of trust-satisfaction-repurchase intention in the e-commerce context based on a survey with 406 Korean e-commerce consumers. Moreover, a prediction-oriented segmentation (POS) technique combined with structural equation models (SEM) was utilized to reveal consumers’ probable hidden heterogeneous characteristics. The outcomes of the global model SEM analysis indicate that offline-online trust transference occurs in e-commerce, and the conveyed trust significantly influences satisfaction and consumers’ repeat purchase intention through satisfaction. Neuroticism also has significant positive effects on trust transfer in the global model. However, results in three subgroups generated by POS show heterogeneous characteristics that considerably differed from the global model test results. The implications from this study will be beneficial to field practitioners in the e-commerce industry in addressing the importance of trust transfer, negative neurotic traits as well as heterogeneous aspects of consumers.
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