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We report on the sensitive detection of glucose using silicon nanowire array field-effect-transistor ( SiNW -FET) upon illumination. The uniformly distributed and size-controlled SiNWs were fabricated by "top-down" approach. The fabricated SiNW -FET device was evaluated for detection of glucose in the range of 100–900 mg/dL. The SiNW -FET shows enhanced sensitivity of 0.988 ± 0.030 nA (mg/dl)-1 upon illumination at 480 nm light as compared to without illumination as 0.486 ± 0.014 nA (mg/dL)-1. The presented SiNW -FET device is fast, stable and sensitive to light as well as to bio analyte, and hence can be utilized as sensitive biological sensing platform.

Graphene was chemically aminated via cycloaddition. Aziridine-ring linkages were formed by covalently modifying the C-C double bonds in graphene. The aminated graphene presents an enhanced hydrophilicity, the contact angle with water decreases from 80.5 degrees to 58.5 degrees. And the conductivity of aminated graphene exhibits exponential decay as the reaction time increase. If the reaction time is 90 min, the resistance of aminated graphene was increased from -32 Ω to -2744 Ω. Because the amino group has good biocompatibility, the aminated graphene is designed for use as an enzyme sensor platform, such as glucose sensor based on glucose oxidase. The aminated graphene exhibited a good detection response for glucose. The increase in device current is about 12% in 1.2 mg/mL glucose solution.

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