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A total of 75 male mice were allotted to five groups of 15 each in a completely randomized experimental design to study the effects of probiotics, inorganic selenium, and selenium-enriched probiotics on male fertility in hyperlipidemic status. The mice in group 1 were fed a normal basal diet and served as negative control. The mice in group 2 were fed a high fat diet and served as positive control. The mice in groups 3, 4, and 5 were fed the high fat diet supplemented with probiotics, inorganic selenium, and selenium-enriched probiotics, respectively. The high fat diet was composed of 15% lard, 1% cholesterol, 0.3% cholic acid, and 83.7% basal diet. Over 90% of the selenium in the selenium-enriched probiotics was present in forms of organic selenium. After the mice were fed these diets for 75 days, serumal total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, and testosterone levels, plus sperm index (count, motility and abnormalities), penis length, and weight and histopathology of testes were measured. The results showed that in the mice fed the high fat diet were significant (P < 0.01) elevations of serumal total cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein, and decreases of high density lipoprotein. The high fat diet caused a decline in serumal testosterone level, reduced semen quality, and atrophy and degeneration of seminiferous tubules. No effects on penis length or relative weight of testis were observed. Supplementation of probiotics, inorganic selenium, or selenium-enriched probiotics to the high fat diet significantly alleviated (P < 0.05) the adverse effects of hyperlipidemia by reducing testicular tissue injury, increasing serumal testosterone level, and improving sperm indexes. It was concluded that hyperlipidemia had significant adverse effects on male fertility, which could be ameliorated at various degrees by feeding the diets supplemented with probiotics, inorganic selenium, or selenium-enriched probiotics. Selenium-enriched probiotics or inorganic selenium supplementation gave better results than probiotics supplementation and may be used to improve animal and human male fertility compromised by hyperlipidemia or obesity.

We propose a scheme to achieve the field-free molecular orientation around the half rotational periods with the combination of single-and dual-color laser pulses. We show that the molecular orientation can be obtained and controlled by precisely controlling the time delay between the two laser pulses. Furthermore, we discuss the effect of the laser intensity and pulse duration of the single-color laser pulse on the molecular orientation created by the dual-color laser pulse, and show that the molecular orientation depends on the change in the alignment degree between the odd and even rotational wave-packet contributions created by the single-color laser pulse. PACS number(s): 33.80.Wz, 33.15.Bh Molecular alignment and orientation have attracted both physicists' and chemists' interest because of their extensive applications in chemical reaction dynamics [1-3], highharmonic generation [4,5], surface processing [6], and attosecond science [7]. An intense linearly polarized laser field has been shown to be the most effective method to obtain the molecular alignment and orientation . For example, the molecular alignment can be realized with the single-color laser pulse [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], and the molecular orientation can be achieved with the dual-color laser pulse [18][19][20][21], the half-cycle laser pulse [22][23][24][25], or the single-color laser pulse combined with a weak dc field [26][27][28]. The laser-induced molecular alignment and orientation can be obtained in both nonadiabatic and adiabatic regimes. Especially, the nonadiabatic alignment and orientation can be used to produce aligned and oriented molecules under field-free field conditions, and so are desirable for further applications in various related fields. Usually, the degrees of the molecular alignment and orientation are limited by the maximally applicable laser intensity before its intrinsic saturation and ionization. Recently, various techniques have been proposed to further enhance the molecular alignment and orientation, such as the laser-pulse trains, with the pulse separations being commensurate with the rotational period [12][13][14][15]19], the slow turn-on and rapid turn-off laser pulse [20,27,28], the shaped laser pulse [16,17], or the hybrid laser pulse [29].The molecular orientation can be repeatedly obtained around the full rotational periods by applying the short two-color laser pulse [18][19][20][21]. However, the odd and even wave-packet contributions around the half rotational periods cancel each other out, and so no molecular orientation for the total wave-packet contribution at these time delays is observed. In this paper, we present a scheme to obtain the molecular orientation around the half rotational periods that even exceeds that obtained around the full rotational periods. We employ two time-delayed laser pulses with the combination of the single-and dual-color laser pulses, and show that the molecular orientation around the half rotational periods can be obtained and controlled by varying the time del...

We theoretically and experimentally demonstrate the quantum coherent control of the resonance-mediated two-photon absorption in rare-earth ions by the phase-shaped femtosecond laser pulse. Our theoretical results show that the resonance-mediated two-photon absorption can be effectively controlled, but the control efficiency depends on the laser repetition rate in real experiment due to the long lifetime and the short decoherence time of the excited state, and the larger laser repetition rate yields the lower control efficiency. These theoretical results are experimentally confirmed in glass sample doped with Er3+ by utilizing the femtosecond lasers with low repetition rate of 1 kHz and high repetition rate of 80 MHz.

Microvascular lesion in diabetic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) still cannot be resolved by current surgical and interventional technique. Endothelial cells have the therapeutic potential to cure microvascular lesion. To evaluate the efficacy and immune-regulatory impact of intra-arterial infusion of autologous CD133+ cells, we recruited 53 patients with diabetic PAD (27 of CD133+ group and 26 of control group). CD133+ cells enriched from patients' PB-MNCs were reinfused intra-arterially. The ulcer healing followed up till 18 months was 100% (3/3) in CD133+ group and 60% (3/5) in control group. The amputation rate was 0 (0/27) in CD133+ group and 11.54% (3/26) in control group. Compared with the control group, TcPO2 and ABI showed obvious improvement at 18 months and significant increasing VEGF and decreasing IL-6 level in the CD133+ group within 4 weeks. A reducing trend of proangiogenesis and anti-inflammatory regulation function at 4 weeks after the cells infusion was also found. These results indicated that autologous CD133+ cell treatment can effectively improve the perfusion of morbid limb and exert proangiogenesis and anti-inflammatory immune-regulatory impacts by paracrine on tissue microenvironment. The CD133+ progenitor cell therapy may be repeated at a fixed interval according to cell life span and immune-regulatory function.

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