Here we present a new visible light active composite based on porous graphitic carbon nitride decorated hierarchical yolk–shell TiO2 spheres for water pollution treatment and H2 evolution.

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Ammonia intercalated flower-like MoS2 electrocatalyst film assembled by vertical orientated ultrathin nanosheet on graphite sheethas been successfully synthesized using one-step hydrothermal method. In this strategy, ammonia can effectively insert into the parallel plane of the MoS2 nanosheets, leading to the expansion of lattice and phase transfer from 2H to 1T, generating more active unsaturated sulfur atoms. The flower-like ammoniated MoS2 electrocatalysts with more active sites and large surface area exhibited excellent HER activity with a small Tafel slope and low onset overpotential, resulting a great enhancement in hydrogen evolution. The high efficient activity and recyclable utilization, as well as large-scale, indicate that it is a very promising electrocatalyst to replace Pt in industry application.

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For photocatalytic CO 2 reduction, the synergistic effect of Lewis acidity and basicity on CO 2 activation is worthy of study. On the basis of a large number of oxygen defects (Lewis acidity) and hydroxyl groups (Lewis basicity) on the CeO 2 surface, CeO 2 {110} and CeO 2 {100} crystal planes were developed to investigate the synergistic effect on photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. Compared with CeO 2 {100}, the surface oxygen defects were prone to generate on CeO 2 {110}, leading to available visible light absorption and faster photogenerated charge transfer. The experimental results and DFT calculations showed that the OH species on the CeO 2 {110} surface were richer and provided more electron density, i.e., Lewis basicity. Furthermore, the possible adsorption intermediate was investigated and suggested that CeO 2 {110} was more beneficial for the adsorption and activation of CO 2 reactant than CeO 2 {100}, resulting in generation of carboxylate species and •CO 2 − radicals, instead of carbonate. Under the control of surface Lewis acidity and basicity, CeO 2 {110} had superior photocatalytic performance of CO 2 reduction than the {100} plane.

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