Vascular endothelial senescence induced by high glucose and palmitate (HG/PA) contributes to endothelial dysfunction, which leads to diabetic cardiovascular complications. Reduction of endothelial senescence may attenuate these pathogenic processes. This study is aimed at determining whether Ginseng-Sanqi-Chuanxiong (GSC) extracts, traditional Chinese medicine, can ameliorate human aortic endothelial cell (HAEC) senescence under HG/PA-stressed conditions and further explore the underlying mechanism. We found that GSC extracts significantly increased antisenescent activity by reducing the HG/PA-induced mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) levels in senescent HAECs. GSC extracts also induced cellular mitophagy formation, which mediated the effect of GSC extracts on mtROS reduction. Apart from this, the data showed that GSC extracts stimulated mitophagy via the AMPK pathway, and upon inhibition of AMPK by pharmacological and genetic inhibitors, GSC extract-mediated mitophagy was abolished which further led to reverse the antisenescence effect. Taken together, these data suggest that GSC extracts prevent HG/PA-induced endothelial senescence and mtROS production by mitophagy regulation via the AMPK pathway. Thus, the induction of mitophagy by GSC extracts may provide a novel therapeutic candidate for cardiovascular protection in metabolic syndrome.

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Background: Hypertension combined with hyperlipidemia (HTN-HLP), as a common clinical chronic disease combination, will increase the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, increase the occurrence of sudden death and other adverse events. At present, the commonly used therapeutic drugs are mainly combined with antihypertensive drugs and lipid-lowering drugs, which not only have poor compliance, but also have adverse reactions. Currently, traditional Chinese medicine, as a traditional medicine in China, has been applied in clinical practice for thousands of years and has rich clinical experience in treating HTN-HLP. However, there is no systematic evaluation of the efficacy, safety and improvement of patients’ quality of life. This systematic review and meta-analysis will assess studies of the effects and safety of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for HTN-HLP patients. Methods: We will search PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science (ISI), China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan fang Database, Chinese Scientific Journals Full-Text Database (VIP) and China Biological Medicine Database from the time when databases were established to 01, February 2021. After a series of screening, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be included related to CHM for HTN-HLP. Two researchers will assess the RCTs through the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool. And the evidence grade of the results will be evaluated by GRADEprofiler software. Results: This study will provide a reliable evidence for the efficiency of antihypertensive and reducing blood lipids of CHM for HTN-HLP. Conclusion: We will summarize the methods and provide sufficient evidence to confirm the efficacy and safety of CHM for HTN-HLP. INPLASY registration number: INPLASY2020110144.

Background: Aging is a major factor for cardiovascular disease, and cardiac aging is closely related to the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Clarifying the mechanism of cardiac aging and finding reliable intervention is critical for preventing cardiovascular diseases and achieving healthy longevity. Traditional Chinese medicine Yiqi Huoxue Yangyin (YHY) decoction has unique advantage in the treatment of cardiovascular disease and aging. However, the associated molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Purpose: The present study aimed to verify the efficacy of YHY decoction against cardiac aging in D-gal-induced mouse model, and explore the potential mechanism of YHY decoction treatment through whole-transcriptome sequencing technique, providing novel insights into the molecular basis of YHY decoction in treating cardiac aging. Methods: The component of YHY decoction was identified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Dgal-induced aging mouse model was established for this study. HE and Masson staining were applied to determine pathological changes of heart; telomere length, telomerase activity, AGEs and p53 were used to evaluate the degree of heart aging. Transcriptome sequencing, GO, KEGG, GSEA and ceRNA network were applied to analyze the potential mechanism of YHY decoction treatment of cardiac aging.Results: In this study, we found that YHY decoction not only improved the pathological structure of aging heart, but also regulated the expression of aging-related markers, telomere length, telomerase activity, AGEs and p53, the myocardial tissue, suggesting that it has a specific effect in delaying cardiac aging. Whole-transcriptome sequencing showed that the total of 433 mRNAs, 284 lncRNAs, 62 miRNAs, and 39 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed after YHY decoction treatment. According to the analysis results of KEGG and GSEA, the differentially expressed mRNAs were found significantly involved in immune system, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and cell adhesion molecules. The ceRNA network showed that miR-770, miR-324, and miR-365 are localized in center, mainly affecting the immune system, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results evaluated the ceRNA network of YHY decoction in treating cardiac aging for the first time, which could provide better understanding of the potential mechanism of YHY decoction treatment of cardiac aging.

Background Aging is a major factor for cardiovascular disease, and cardiac aging is closely related to the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Clarifying the mechanism of cardiac aging and finding reliable intervention is critical for preventing cardiovascular diseases and achieving healthy longevity. Traditional Chinese medicine Yiqi Huoxue Yangyin (YHY) decoction has unique advantages in the treatment of cardiovascular disease and aging. However, the associated molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Purpose The present study aimed to verify the efficacy of YHY decoction against cardiac aging in D-gal-induced mouse model, and explore the potential mechanisms of YHY decoction treatment through whole-transcriptome sequencing technique, providing novel insights into the molecular basis of YHY decoction in treating cardiac aging. Methods The component of YHY decoction was identified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). D-gal-induced aging mouse model was established for this study. HE and Masson staining were applied to determined pathological changes of heart; telomere length, telomerase activity, AGEs and p53 were used to evaluated the degree of heart aging. Transcriptome sequencing, GO, KEGG, GSEA and ceRNA network were applied to analyzing the potential mechanisms of YHY decoction treatment of cardiac aging. Results In this study, we found that YHY decoction not only improved the pathological structure of aging heart, but also regulated the expression of aging-related markers, telomere length, telomerase activity, AGEs and p53, in the myocardial tissue, suggesting that it has a specific effect in delaying cardiac aging. Whole-transcriptome sequencing showed that the total of 433 mRNAs, 284 lncRNAs, 62 miRNAs, and 39 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed after YHY decoction treatment. According to the analysis results of KEGG and GSEA, the differentially expressed mRNAs were found significantly involved in immune system, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and cell adhesion molecules. The ceRNA network showed that miR-770, miR-324, and miR-365 are localized in the center, mainly affecting the immune system, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusion In conclusion, our results evaluated the ceRNA network of YHY decoction in treating cardiac aging for the first time, which could provide a better understanding of the potential mechanisms of YHY decoction treatment of cardiac aging.

To observe the effect of extracts of ginseng, notoginseng, and Chuanxiong Rhizome on the cytoskeleton protein F-actin and G-actin of the replicative senescence vascular smooth muscle cells, with human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) as the research object, and the replicative senescence 9th generation cells as the senescence models, the experiment was divided into youth group (5th generation cells), model group (9th generation cells), Chinese medicine low dose group (100 mg•L⁻¹), middle dose group (200 mg•L⁻¹), and high dose group (400 mg•L⁻¹) and resveratrol group (10 μmol•L⁻¹). The intervention time was 48 h. β-Galactosidase specific staining method was used to calculate the ratio of blue dyeing cells. CCK-8 method was used to detect the cells proliferation. The flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle. Immunofluorescent staining was used to observe morphological changes of F-actin and G-actin. The western blot assay was used to determine the expression of F-actin protein. Compared with the model group, the Chinese medicine groups and resveratrol group significantly reduced the number of blue dyeing cells, improved the ability of cells proliferation, reduced the number of cells in G0/G1 phase, increased the number of cells in S phase, and reduced the protein expression of F-actin and the formation of stress fibers, with obvious intervention effect and statistically significant difference. Therefore, the replicative senescence vascular smooth muscle cells can be used as the models for senescence research, with significant changes in morphology and protein expression of cytoskeleton protein F-actin and G-actin in the process of cells aging. The extracts of ginseng, notoginseng, and Chuanxiong Rhizome have obvious intervention effect on F-actin and G-actin, and it might be indirectly associated with delaying the aging of blood vessels.