The Tarim Basin in Xinjiang is located in the northwest inland arid region of China, but research shows that the region is rich in groundwater resources. To understand the hydrochemical characteristics and water quality of shallow groundwater in the desert area of the southern margin of the Tarim Basin, the groundwater was systematically sampled and tested. The ion characteristics and evolution mechanism of groundwater were analyzed by mathematical statistics, Schukarev classification, Piper three-line diagram, Gibbs model and ion ratio. Water quality was evaluated by the water quality index method (WQI) and irrigation water suitability-related parameters. The results indicated that the dominant cation in the study area is Na+, and the main dominant anions are SO42− and Cl−. According to total dissolved solids (TDS), the groundwater mainly belongs to brackish water and semi-saline water. The hydrochemical chemistry types are mainly Cl·SO4-Na·Mg type, followed by Cl-Na type, and the ion source is mainly the weathering and dissolution of evaporation rock, silicate and sulphate. The hydrochemical process is primarily controlled by evaporation concentration and rock weathering, and the cation exchange is weak. Furthermore, the WQI spatial distribution map shows that the groundwater in the middle of the study area is unsuitable for drinking and there are two areas with high WQI values greater than 500. In contrast, the good-excellent groundwater is scattered in the East. The groundwater generally has high to very high salinity, with significant changes in alkalinity. In addition, 54% of the water samples exceed the magnesium hazard (MH) limit. Therefore, certain measures should be taken before irrigation. This study has important implications for the rational development and reasonable utilization of local groundwater.
This study analyzes the ability of coal mine underground reservoirs to protect groundwater resources. As the demand for coal mining continues to increase, the potential impact on groundwater resources around mines has become a growing problem. Underground water reservoirs, also known as coal mine underground reservoirs, have been constructed as a solution to protect water wastage in mining operations. However, there is a lack of awareness related to the ability of underground water reservoirs in mines to protect groundwater resources. In this study, we used FLAC3D software to analyze the formation process, water storage volume, and central storage location of the underground water reservoir in Zhangshuanglou Coal Mine. The results show that the damaged volume is 3.39 × 106 m3, and the groundwater resources that can be protected by coal mine underground reservoirs in the study area amount to 1.98 × 105 m3. We found that the storage capacity of underground reservoirs is more significantly affected by the extent of mining, which can be expressed as y = 49,056.44 + 255.75x + 1.46x2 (R2 = 0.995) (x ≠ 0). Additionally, the water storage location obtained through simulation can provide a reference for the construction of underground reservoir regulation and water storage projects. The results of the water quality analysis indicate that the concentrations of SO42− decreased by 42% with the closure of the mining area, and the pH also gradually converged to neutral. This highlights the significant role of underground water reservoirs in coal mines in promoting green production and protecting water resources and the environment.
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