Polycarboxylic acids have been used as nonformaldehyde durable press finishing agents for cotton fabrics. Previously, we found that itaconic acid (IA) polymerized in situ on cotton fabric and also in an aqueous solution in the presence of a K 2 S 2 O 8 /NaH 2 PO 2 initiation system. Both poly(itaconic acid) (PIA) and the polymer formed by in situ polymerization of IA are able to crosslink cotton cellulose, thus imparting wrinkle resistance to cotton. In this research, we compared the performance of the cotton fabric crosslinked by PIA and that crosslinked by in situ polymerization of IA. The fabric treated with PIA and that treated with IA had similar wrinkle recovery angles. The cotton fabric treated with IA, however, lost more tensile strength than that treated with PIA due to cellulose degradation. We determined the magnitude of the fabric tensile strength loss attributed to crosslinking by separating the tensile strength loss due to cellulose degradation from the total tensile strength loss, and found that the tensile strength loss caused by crosslinking for the fabric treated with PIA was significantly higher than that for the fabric treated with IA. This can probably be attributed to more concentrated crosslinkages formed on the near surface of the PIA-treated cotton fabric. PIA had poorer penetration into the amorphous cellulose region in fiber interior due to its much larger molecular size, thus increasing its concentration on the fabric's near surface. The data also suggest that more concentrated crosslinkages on the fabric surface reduced fabric abrasion resistance.
Using stearic acid-lauric acid binary of fatty acid as phase change material, waste polyacrylonitrile fiber (PAN) as supporting material, organic montmorillonite (OMMT) as modifier, and N, N-dimethylformamide as solvent, OMMT-PAN-binary fatty acid composite phase change materials(PCM) is prepared by solution blending. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) study the structure and properties of PCM, the optimized preparation techniques of PCM obtained by orthogonal tests. SEM results showed that the PCM was homogeneous structure, binary of fatty acid dispersed in the continuous phase PAN; TGA results indicated that the degradation of the phase change material can be divided into three steps; DSC results showed that the crystallization enthalpy of PCM reached 143.27 J/g, the phase change temperature was around 23°C, and the DSC thermal circulation showed good thermal stability of the PCM; cooling curve showed that the PCM had good heat insulation properties, holding time reached 800s, and after repeated thermal circulation, heat insulation properties remained the same.
Hexanedioic acid, PEG6000 and zinc oxide (ZnO) was chosen as raw materials,and tetrabutyl titanate as catalyst to synthesize the poly(ether ester) containing zinc (PEEM). PEEM and Diphenyl-methane-diisocyanate (MDI) as chain extender was added into polycaprolactam whose molecular weight is about 4000 for synthesizing poly (ether ester amide) containing zinc (PEEAM). The rheological behavior of PEEAM was investigated by an advanced rheometric expansion system (ARES). Dynamic rheometer was used to measure the structures and properties of PEEAM. The dynamic rheological test indicated that the complex modulus (G*), the dynamic storage modulus (G”) and loss modulus (G’) of the PEEAM increase with the frequency (ω) increasing; the complex viscosity (η*) decreases linearly with the ω increasing, and decreases slightly with the temperature increasing, which indicates obvious flow behavior of pseudoplastic fluid. The Cole-Cole curves are convex, in the low frequency zone, the real number viscosity at 260°C is smaller than the real number viscosity at 230°C. The loss tangent (tan δ) presents a miximum with the increase of ω.
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