This purpose of this study was to investigate (a) the prevalence and patterns of e-health/m-health use in Hong Kong; (b) the activities that people engage in via health-related information platforms/apps; and (c) the roles that technology readiness, the expectation-confirmation model, and e-health/m-health activities play in predicting lifestyle improvement. Data were collected from a telephone survey, with a probability sample of 1,007 respondents aged 18 or above. Our results show that 47.2% of the respondents were regular users of e-health technologies, 23.2% were m-health users, and only 10.7% used wearables for health purposes. Among the six e-health/m-health activities identified, health tutorials and health information seeking were the most frequently used, followed by recording/monitoring and medical services. The least popular activities were reminders and sharing experiences. As expected, the component variables in the expectation-confirmation model, particularly confirmation and perceived usefulness, were the strongest predictors for lifestyle improvement. External factors, such as being older and innovative, the use of e-health/m-health activities for recording/monitoring, health tutorials, medical services, and sharing experiences, also had significant impacts. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
In this review study, a descriptive analysis was conducted of the media addiction research published from 1991 to 2016. The search of all academic output published in 13 major scientific and academic databases in 256 journals within the 26-year period yielded 1,099 Social Sciences Citation Index/Science Citation Index (SSCI/SCI) articles that were relevant to this study. The review was focused on the trends, developmental periods, study domains, themes, research methods, measurement instruments, and research purposes in the field of media addiction. The results show that most previous media addiction research in the study period were conducted from the perspectives of compulsivity and impairment. As a psychiatric disorder and a complex biopsychosocial phenomenon, the findings suggest that future media addiction research should go beyond the predominant perspectives in the prevalence, causes, and consequences of media addiction (59.7%) and extend into the effectiveness of prevention and treatment (only 3.96%) provided in both clinical and nonclinical settings. The review also shows that of the 974 studies using quantitative or mixed methods to examine media addiction, over 30% used Young’s Internet Addiction Test and Diagnostic Questionnaire as the two frequently used measurement scales, which means that they were adopted by at least 20 studies in the study period. Furthermore, over 77% of the media addiction studies employed survey and experiment methods. The implications of these findings for future media addiction research and the limitations of the study are discussed.
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