Geothermal gradient is one of the most important parameters for geothermal exploration and exploitation. Mud is generally used as a drilling fluid in geothermal wells. According to energy conservation law, when the drilling penetrates through an aquifuge or aquitard, its temperature can be used to establish the mathematical analysis model for estimating the geothermal gradient. The recorded mud temperatures in some practical drilling cases in southwest China have been applied to study the influence radius of geotherm that is conducted by surrounding rock into the derived formula. The fitting calculation results show that the absolute error is generally very low, being less than 10%, which indicates that the proposed formula can be used to effectively predict the geothermal gradient. The calculation indicates that it is only when the rock conductive influencing radius is very small (around 0.25m) that it is possible to have a reasonable solution.
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