This paper deals with the researches of the main species of Chinese asbestos — winchite asbestos, calcium-magnesioriebeckite asbestos, and magnesioriebckite asbestos. Examination of them by various methods — crystallo-optical, thermo-optical, chemical and crystallochemical, X-ray, weight loss, infra-red absorption and statistics has given some principal results as follows : 1. Whether the various asbestos studied exhibit the purple-blue pleochroism and abnormal interference or not depends not only on the absorption of light of different wave lengths and extinction angles, but also on the content of Na. 2. The relation between Ng and the iron content of the magnesioriebeckite asbestos can be represented by the linear equation Fe/(Fe + Mg)(Mol%) = — 1 172.26 + 729.85 Ng. The effect of Fe₂O₃ on RI is greater than that of FeO and their regression formulas are given as : Ng = 1.30 × 10⁻³ × FeO + 3.21 × 10⁻³ × Fe₂O₃ + 1.611 5, Np = 1.46 × 10⁻³ × FeO + 3.27 × 10⁻³ × Fe₂O₃ + 1.599 9. 3. According to the changes in thermal-optical properties, the magnesioriebckite asbestos may be further subdivided into three stages, namely, magnesioriebeckite (< 550 °C), oxy-magnesioriebeckite (550-900 °C) and another mineral (> 900 °C). The critical point of optical property changes is found to be at about 550 °C.
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