Leadership has been recognized as a major factor in project success and this has been empirically validated throughout many fields. However, chief executive officer leadership style has seldom been discussed in depth in the context of enterprise resource planning (ERP) project success. In this study a survey was carried out with 368 Taiwanese companies that had previously implemented ERP systems over a 1-year period. Three transformational leadership styles -charisma, individual consideration, and intellectual stimulation -are discussed. The results indicate that only a charismatic leadership style has a substantially positive effect on organizational performance, especially through the successful implementation of ERP. Managerial implications and suggestions are discussed based on findings.