The temporal and spatial variations of surface latent heat flux (SLHF) before and after the Mw9.0 earthquake that occurred on the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia on 26 December 2004 are summarized. It is found that before the earthquake significant SLHF anomalies occurred at the epicentral area and its vicinity. The largest SLHF anomaly occurred on the subduction zone in the middle part of Burma micro-plate, where the middle part of the rupture zone is located and the aftershocks are concentrated. The developments of the anomaly involved growing of the anomaly from small to large and spreading of the anomaly from disordered to concentrated. The anomaly began to occur on the east extensional boundary of the Burma micro-plate and its adjacent oceanic basin, and then propagated to the west compressive boundary, where the subduction zone exists. Finally, the anomaly disappeared after the main shock. The seismic source is considered to be a dissipation system. The increase of stress prior to an earthquake may enhance the exchange of energy and material between the seismic source system and the outer system, resulting in the increase of the rate of energy exchange between sea surface and atmosphere, which is believed to be the main reason of the generation of SLHF anomaly.
Solar interfacial evaporation is a promising technology to produce clean water from seawater or polluted water. However, the evaporation rate upon existing photothermal materials is normally limited to 2 kg m-2 h-1 or below, which is hard to fulfil the daily water demand of a family, let alone enormous water requirements in agricultural and industrial sectors. Herein, under the guidance of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, multichannel photothermal rod (MCPR) is proposed as solar interfacial material for evaporative disposal of real municipal sewage and concurrent production of freshwater. The production rate of the freshwater over 10-centimetre-high MCPR is 18.8 kg m-2 h-1 under 1 sun, with water quality equivalent to that of commercial pure water. When the light is incident at oblique angles, faster evaporation rates are obtained (e.g., 31.3 kg m-2 h-1 at 30° angle). Furthermore, the freshwater generation rate can even be promoted to 126.5 kg m-2 h-1 in outdoor environment via a magnified evaporation system constructed of 35-centimetre-high MCPRs array. These values were achievable due to a series of properties of the MCPR, including antigravity water transport, omnidirectional collection of solar energy, minimization of heat dissipation, and maximization of the evaporation interface.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.