Although thorium comprises roughly 8.1 ppm of the Earth, its chemical characteristics and properties have been relatively underexplored. In large part due to its radioactivity and propensity to form oxides at pH above 5, thorium has been much less extensively investigated than first row transition metals. Today, there are close to 700,000 registered structures with an R-factor of 0.075 or better on the Cambridge Crystallographic Database, about 50% of which are complexes containing transition metals. The actinides make up roughly 8% of total number of database structures, with close to 85% of those being uranium containing complexes and 11% of the actinide structures containing thorium. Herein, we explore the various unique coordination environments of thorium with coordination numbers ranging from 5 to 12.
a b s t r a c tWhile the actinide salts because of their Lewis acidity and flexible coordination geometry demonstrate unique possibilities as catalysts, research with actinide catalysts typically involves complexed organoactinide frameworks. Many actinide salts have yet to be explored in catalysis or as reagents in metal mediated synthesis. Here, the synthesis of the heterocycle 2,3-diaminophenazine has been reported in good yields in the presence of oxygen via the first use of thorium nitrate or uranyl nitrate as the catalyst.
Four derivitives of 2-(1H-imidazo[4,5-b]phenazin-2-yl)phenol have been synthesized and characterized structurally using X-ray crystallography. Coordination complexes with uranyl (UO22+) and copper (2+) were prepared and absorption/emission spectra detailed. We observed increased...
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