/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=21270647&lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?action=rtdoc&an=21270647&lang=fr READ THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS WEBSITE.http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en Vous avez des questions? Nous pouvons vous aider. Pour communiquer directement avec un auteur, consultez la première page de la revue dans laquelle son article a été publié afin de trouver ses coordonnées. Si vous n'arrivez pas à les repérer, communiquez avec nous à PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. Questions?Contact the NRC Publications Archive team at PublicationsArchive-ArchivesPublications@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. If you wish to email the authors directly, please see the first page of the publication for their contact information. NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://doi.org/10.1021/am302951k ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 5, 8, pp. 2870-2880, 2013 ABSTRACT: We report our newly developed low-temperature synthesis of colloidal photoluminescent (PL) CuInS 2 nanocrystals (NCs) and their in vitro and in vivo imaging applications. With diphenylphosphine sulphide (SDPP) as a S precursor made from elemental S and diphenylphosphine, this is a noninjection based approach in 1-dodecanethiol (DDT) with excellent synthetic reproducibility and large-scale capability. For a typical synthesis with copper iodide (CuI) as a Cu source and indium acetate (In(OAc) 3 ) as an In source, the growth temperature was as low as 160°C and the feed molar ratios were 1Cu-to-1In-to-4S. Amazingly, the resulting CuInS 2 NCs in toluene exhibit quantum yield (QY) of ∼23% with photoemission peaking at ∼760 nm and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of ∼140 nm. With a mean size of ∼3.4 nm (measured from the vertices to the bases of the pyramids), they are pyramidal in shape with a crystal structure of tetragonal chalcopyrite. In situ 31 P NMR (monitored from 30°C to 100°C) and in situ absorption at 80°C suggested that the Cu precursor should be less reactive toward SDPP than the In precursor. For our in vitro and in vivo imaging applications, CuInS 2 /ZnS core−shell QDs were synthesized; afterwards, dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) or 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) were used for ligand exchange and then bio-conjugation was performed. Two single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) were used. One was 2A3 for in vitro imaging of BxPC3 pancreatic cancer cells. The other was EG2 for in vivo imaging of a Glioblastoma U87MG brain tumour model. The bioimaging data illustrate that the CuInS 2 NCs from our SDPP-based low-temperature noninjection appr...
Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 264: [213][214][215][216][217][218][219] 2003 sizes for most ecological studies, and therefore high uncertainty in estimating abundance or in evaluating the success of alternative intervention options designed to benefit the population. This concern has generated the development of statistical methods explicitly designed to deal with rare species (e.g. Green & Young 1993, Strayer 1999. Occasionally, research will be done on a more abundant surrogate species (Caro & O'Doherty 1999), but this approach requires establishing, with confidence, that the factors responsible for the large demographic differences between the conservation target and the surrogate species do not prevent rigorous transfer of results from one to the other (Bevill & Louda 1999). Of the many causes for rarity, some imply intrinsic incompatibilities between even closely related species (Kunin & Gaston 1993). Ethically, restoration options that entail risk to the threatened population cannot be justified, thereby closing the door to some actions that may indeed have been beneficial. Ethics further dictate that where data are sparse and uncertainty high, a precautionary approach be taken in evaluating evidence of injury to a threatened or endangered species and in adopting restoration plans to compensate for that injury (Gerber et al. 1999).In the US, recovery plans for many listed species have been developed and implemented by federal agencies charged with administration of the Endangered Species Act. Such plans are helpful in developing compensatory restoration because they review the causes of population limitation for the target species and identify potential restoration actions.Here we illustrate how the constraints of rarity and the existence of an established recovery plan affect the process of choosing, scaling, and implementing compensatory restoration through the example of a federally threatened shorebird, the piping plover Charadrius melodus. Known nesting grounds for piping plovers were extensively polluted by the 1996 North Cape oil spill in Rhode Island. This oil spill precipitated studies of the impacts on the Moonstone Beach breeding population of piping plovers, and led to the development of compensatory restoration actions. By describing the process of injury assessment and restoration development, we communicate insights of value to restoration of other threatened or endangered species. THE BIOLOGY OF PIPING PLOVERS AND RISKS FROM THE OIL SPILLThe piping plover is a shorebird, once described as common along Atlantic beaches, that became greatly diminished in abundance by 1900 through hunting and egg gathering (Haig & Oring 1987 (MacIvor 1990, Keane 2002. Nests are constructed above the high-tide line on coastal beaches, with preferences exhibited for wide beach, sand spits, overwash areas, and other disturbed habitat with sparse vegetation and proximity to protected, moist foraging habitats (Burger 1987, Elias et al. 2000, Ke...
Collaboration is defined in some dictionaries as “working with the enemy” which can be the position both the responsible parties (RPs) and natural resource trustees (trustees) take when conducting “cooperative” natural resource damage assessments (NRDAs). In many incidents, collaboration on the collection of time-critical or ephemeral environmental data is delayed or the opportunity is lost while the RP and trustees negotiate the details of the scope and procedures of the data collection activities as well as future analyses/interpretation of the data collected. Consequently, in the absence of pre-spill planning as well as the commitment to basic tenets of cooperative work, the ephemeral data critical to determining the environmental effects of the oil and, subsequently, to conducting a successful damage assessment, can be lost. In order to support successful outcomes of cooperative NRDAs, the West Coast Joint Assessment Team (JAT) developed a document titled Recommendations for Conducting Cooperative Natural Resource Damage Assessments. The intent of the JAT document is to promote cooperative NRDAs and facilitate the development of an ephemeral data collection (EDC) plan to ensure the opportunity for collecting time-critical information is not lost. Specifically, the document outlines the cooperative assessment process including regulatory guidance and considerations for conducting a cooperative assessment. It also includes recommendations for organizing an EDC team, collection of source oil, water, sediment, and biota samples, analysis of those samples, and establishing data quality objectives. Additionally, an example of a trustee funding commitment letter is provided to expedite the initiation of the cooperative process and avoid prolonged legal negotiations. The JAT is an ad-hoc volunteer group of west coast-based oil company, federal and state trustee, and NGO representatives that was formed to share information and experiences related to NRDA and to discuss how best to improve the process for cooperative assessments. After several years of meetings, discussions, and presentations, the JAT put pen to paper and developed, in a collaborative and consensus based effort, recommendations for use by its members and others to facilitate cooperative NRDAs. This paper describes pertinent features of the JAT cooperative assessment recommendations document, the document development process as well as a brief background of the JAT.
In 2015, an ambitious wildlife response preparedness project was initiated; funded as part of the post-Macondo IPIECA-IOGP (International Association of Oil and Gas Producers) Oil Spill Response Joint Industry Project (OSR-JIP). The Global Oiled Wildlife Response System (GOWRS) Project, which involved 11 leading wildlife response organizations from seven countries, aimed to develop an international framework for oiled wildlife response as well as encourage the further development of wildlife response preparedness by industry and other stakeholders. This paper will provide an overview and assessment of the key outcomes of both the JIP-funded phase of the project (2015-16; development of internationally agreed standards and common operating procedures) and the second industry-funded phase (2017-18; focused on response readiness) in order to provide key background information to support the movement towards operationalizing the system.
2017-133 December 2016 marked the conclusion of a two-year global oiled wildlife response preparedness project, funded by the International Association of Oil & Gas Producers/IPIECA Oil Spill Response-Joint Industry Project (IOGP/IPIECA OSR-JIP). This project brought together leading oiled wildlife response organizations from seven countries to design a preparedness and response system that would support the mobilization and integration of tier 3 (international) wildlife response resources if activated by the oil industry or other stakeholders. The project outcomes include written standards and procedures that represent a further step towards integration of oiled wildlife preparedness and response as an oil industry standard worldwide, and allow for the foundations of a global approach to be built upon good practice as defined by the international oiled wildlife response community. 2017 sees the system entering a second (beta) phase with a further funding commitment being provided by the oil industry via Oil Spill Response Limited (OSRL). Building on the introduction and overview to this project as presented at the International Oil Spill Conference in 2014 (Kelway et al., 2014), this paper will explore key outcomes and assess the project’s impact and implications, particularly in relation to the present and future role of multi-stakeholder collaboration in the advancement of global oiled wildlife response preparedness.
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