Although many information has been published regarding canine urolithiasis, sensitivity of radiography, ultrasound and urinary parameters have been poorly correlated with number, size, and composition of the stones. One hundred and thirteen clinical files of dogs with diagnosis of urolithiasis were retrospectively selected. Information regarding number, appearance, location, size, and composition of the stones were noted after surgical removed. Urolithiasis data was compared with radiographs and ultrasound images and urinalysis parameters. Pure struvite was found in 42.4% and calcium oxalate in 35.6%. Survey radiographs enabled the detection of radiopaque stones and when an ultrasound examination was also performed, the sensitivity was increased. Double contrast radiography enabled identification in 100% of radiolucent stones, and allowed for size measurement and number counts in 76.9% of radiolucent stones. Crystalluria had low sensitivity (31.5%) and specificity (58.8%). Hematuria (96.3%) and leukocyturia (61.1%) were the most common parameters found. We concluded that double contrast radiography can be considered the method of choice for detection of radiolucent stones. Crystalluria is not a good parameter to detect or predict type of stone. Hematuria and leukocyturia, although non-specific findings, can be used as triage for investigation of urolithiasis. Key words: Canine. Crystalluria. Stones. Urine. ResumoEmbora várias informações já tenham sido publicadas sobre a urolitíase canina, a sensibilidade dos exames radiográficos, ultrassonográficos e urinários é pouco correlacionada com a composição, número e tamanho dos urólitos. Dessa forma, objetivou-se com esse estudo, analisar retrospectivamente cento e treze prontuários de cães com diagnóstico de urolitíase. Após a remoção cirúrgica dos cálculos, informações sobre o número, aspecto, localização, tamanho e composição foram comparados com os exames de imagens (raio-x e ultrassom) e achados da urinálise. Cálculos de estruvita foram encontrados em 42,4% dos pacientes e de oxalato de cálcio em 35,6%. Exames radiográficos foram capazes de detectar cálculos radiopacos e quando associado ao ultrassom tiveram melhores resultados. A radiografia de duplo contraste permitiu a identificação de 100% dos urólitos radiolucentes e foi capaz de estimar o tamanho e o número em 76,9% desses. Na urinálise a cristalúria apresentou baixa sensibilidade (31,5%) e especificidade (58,8%) na detecção de urólitos, já a hematúria (96,3%) e leucocitúria (61,1%) foram os parâmetros mais observados. Conclui-se que a radiografia de duplo contraste é o método de escolha para a detecção de urólitos radiolucentes e que a cristalúria não pode ser considerada um bom parâmetro para detectar ou prever o tipo de urólitos. Embora a hematúria e leucocitúria não sejam achados específicos, podem ser utilizados como triagem para a investigação da urolitíase. Palavras-chave: Canino. Cálculos. Cristalúria. Urina.

ABSTRACT.-Fernandes C.P.M., Hijano A., Lima C.S., Fontoura E.G., Schramm R.C., Félix S.R. & Nobre M.O. 2017. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effect of an aqueous extract of Triticum aestivum on canine outer ear inflammation. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37 (11) Outer ear otitis is a multifactorial acute or chronic inflammation of the ear canal, and treatment is often hampered by growing antibiotic resistance. Pre-clinical assessments have shown that an aqueous extract of Triticum aestiveum (wheat) can effectively reduce the symptoms associated with the disease. The purpose of this study was to assess, through a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, the use of T. aestivum extract on canine external otitis. Thirty dogs (60 ears) met the criteria to be included in this study, and were randomly assigned a treatment group: placebo, extract, or positive control (C+). Ears were treated every day for seven days, and assessed before treatment (day zero), after treatment (day 7), and again on reassessment (day 14). Clinical assessment included: type of otitis; pinna conformation; presence or absence of itchiness, foul odor, and pain; presence of stenosis, erythema and cerumen. Furthermore, the evaluators assessed the temperature in each ear and the pH of the cerumen, and swabs were collected for bacterial and fungal isolation. All veterinarians treating and assessing the animals were blinded regarding the treatment groups. Results showed little difference in the treatment groups regarding clinical parameters. By day 7 ears treated with the C+ had elevated temperatures, when compared to the others (P<0.05), this was still true on day 14. Bacterial isolation had completely died out by day 7, however, on day fourteen the placebo group had six ears with bacterial infections, unlike the other two groups (P<0.05). The results generated herein show that a 25% wheat extract solution is effective in the reduction of clinical and microbiological parameters of external otitis, with better results when compared to a placebo, and similar results to the traditional, antibiotic/anti-inflammatory treatment.

Relatou-se um caso clínico de multiparasitismo em cão envolvendo-se o diagnóstico para Demodex canis, Sarcoptes scabiei, Trichodectes canis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus e Ctenocephalides canis. O animal macho, da raça Collie, com um ano de idade, apresentou na pele lesões descamativas, alopecia e crises pruríticas com grande intensidade. Exames laboratoriais confirmaram o diagnóstico concomitante para o multiparasitismo aliado à anemia regenerativa normocítica e normocrômica, leucocitose neutrofílica, linfopenia e eosinofilia. A terapia com antibioticoterapia, moxidectina e fipronil foi efetiva. O relato salienta a necessidade de diagnósticos diferenciais adequados na dermatologia veterinária e da importância de métodos de controle de ectofauna parasitária em cães, especialmente as de alto potencial zoonótico.

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It was evaluated the different methodologies for glomerular enumeration described in the literature in a quantitative, double-blind study on the number of glomeruli present in kidney biopsy specimens obtained using a Tru-cut-type biopsy needle. Eighteen samples were taken (n=18) from various regions of canine kidneys harvested immediately after euthanasia. Sample collection was carried out using Tru-cut-type, semi-automated, 16 gauge needles. Reading and evaluation of the specimens were performed independently by four researchers by means of eye loupe inspection, light microscopy, light microscopy with a reduced condenser aperture, and dissection microscopy. Samples were also subjected to histopathological evaluation for comparison purposes. There was no inter-researcher variation for any of the tested methods. The glomerular counts obtained using light microscopy with reduced condenser aperture were similar to those reported in the histopathological evaluation (P=0.44);whereas, the other glomerular enumeration methods yielded significantly lower counts when compared to the histopathological analysis (eye loupe inspection: P<0.01; conventional light microscopy: P=0.02; dissection microscopy: P<0.01).Light microscope with lowering of the condenser lens delivers better results than conventional light microscopy and eye loupe inspection. Results obtained using dissection microscopy and eye loupe inspection did not correlate well with those provided by histopathological evaluation; consequently, these two methods should be avoided.

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Resumo. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de hipospadia anal em um canino macho de dois meses de idade, abordando diagnóstico e conduta terapêutica. O paciente foi atendido no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, onde foram relatadas alterações no ato de defecação e, principalmente, micção, sendo ambos realizados pelo ânus. Procederam-se exames hematológicos e de urinálise, além de exame ultrassonográfico abdominal, onde as imagens de arquitetura renal, vesical e intestinal apresentavam significativas alterações. Após a estabilização das debilidades clínicas o paciente foi encaminhado para correção da hipospadia, penectomia e criptorquidectomia. Observou-se que a conduta clínica e cirúrgica logrou êxito, visto a melhora do quadro e ausência de sinais clínicos posteriores.

No abstract