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The primary source of divided government in the United States is voters who split their ballots between the parties. Yet there has been little comprehensive examination of either patterns or sources of ticket splitting in recent years. Instead, divergent lines of research have emerged, emphasizing such things as voter partisanship, incumbency, and a “new” (young, well-educated, even partisan) kind of ticket splitter; and their focus has been too often restricted to the atypical president–Congress pair. We seek to unify these research traditions in a comprehensive model of split-ticket voting and to test this model across the partisan ballot in a typical election setting-here, the contests for five Ohio state-wide offices in 1990. The model incorporates partisan strength, candidate visibility, and the individual characteristics that distinguish the “new ticket splitters”. The results support our partisan strength and candidate visibility explanations but provide little support for the emergence of a new type of ticket splitter.

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Abstract-Wideband printed rectangular slot antennas backed with reflectors for unidirectional radiation patterns are investigated. A Ushaped tuning stub is used to improve the matching. Two different feeding mechanisms are introduced. A rectangular slot excited by microstrip line feed with a U-shaped tuning stub gives an impedance bandwidth of 110% (|S11| < −10 dB). When the rectangular slot is excited by a coplanar waveguide (CPW), it gives an impedance bandwidth of 120%. Both slot antennas radiate broadside across the matching band, with front-to-back ratios of 20 dB.

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This paper presents a coplanar waveguide fed rectangular slot antenna tuned by a patch stub. The presented antenna has 98% impedance bandwidth, and 6 dB average gain. The antenna can be used in phased array applications with more than 61% usable bandwidth.

Abstract-A square slot antenna fed by two orthogonal feedlines is designed for dual polarized applications. The presented antenna has not only dual operating band, but also very wide bandwidth. The bandwidth is 18% in the first band and 82% in the second one. It can sever most of wireless communication applications that operate at 0.9, 1.8, 1.9 and 2.4 GHz and require wide band characteristics. The antenna can also produce circular polarization with wideband characteristics. Arrays of this antenna are also designed and presented.

Abstract-The characteristics of a bow-tie slot antenna with tapered tuning stubs fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) are investigated. The effects of the antenna dimensional parameters are studied through simulation results and design procedure is developed and verified for different frequency bands. The antenna shows wideband characteristics for radar and wireless communication applications. Numerical simulations and measurements indicate that 73% bandwidth can be obtained using the developed design procedure.