Enzyme mimics now play a significant role in biochemistry.
Especially,
peroxidase mimics have been widely used for developing colorimetric
sensors of blood glucose. The peroxidase mimics previously reported
could not be recycled for reusing and may generate scattering to cause
unwanted optical interference when it was used for fabricating colorimetric
sensors. We herein prepared a broad-applicable and reusable magnetic
enzyme-loading nanoplatform with enhanced peroxidase-like activity
by simultaneously loading Fe3O4 nanoparticles
(Fe3O4NPs) and palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs)
on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets
(Fe3O4NPs/PdNPs/g-C3N4). The prepared Fe3O4NPs/PdNPs/g-C3N4 possesses stable and enhanced peroxidase-like activity
and good enzyme-loading capacity and can be used to load various natural
enzymes to form highly-efficient and stable double-active nanozyme
for fabricating colorimetric sensors for the visual detection of small
molecules. Especially, the magnetic feature facilitates the magnetic
separation of Fe3O4NPs/PdNPs/g-C3N4 from sample solution, which is in favor of recycling
and eliminating the optical interference caused by nanozyme in colorimetric
sensors. The prepared Fe3O4NPs/PdNPs/g-C3N4 has been successfully used to load glucose oxidase
(GOx) and cholesterol oxidase (Chox) to form magnetic peroxidase-GOx
and peroxidase-Chox double-active nanozymes, which can be used to
fabricate colorimetric methods for the detection of glucose and cholesterol,
respectively, with a visual detection limit of 15 μM and a spectrometry
detection limit of 1.0 μM. With the developed glucose and cholesterol
detection methods, we have successfully detected glucose and cholesterol
in serum with a recovery of 98–104% and a RSD (n = 5) < 5%. With high peroxidase-like activity, good stability,
reusable features, and broad applicability of loading enzyme, the
developed magnetic Fe3O4NPs/PdNPs/g-C3N4 provided a promising approach for fabricating cost-effective,
sensitive, and simple colorimetric sensors for the visual detection
of various small molecules.
Almost all of marine organisms contained both inorganic and organic mercury, and thus it is extremely important to determine mercury species in seafood to objectively and scientifically assess mercury’s health...
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