Degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ) using ultraviolet (UV), UV/H 2 O 2 , Fenton, UV/Fenton and photocatalytic oxidation with TiO 2 (UV/TiO 2 ) was studied in deionized water. The five different oxidation processes were compared for the removal kinetics of CBZ. The results showed that all the processes followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The direct photolysis (UV alone) was found to be less effective than UV/H 2 O 2 oxidation for the degradation of CBZ. An approximate 20% increase in the CBZ removal efficiency occurred with the UV/Fenton reaction as compared with the Fenton oxidation. In the UV/TiO 2 system, the kinetics of CBZ degradation in the presence of different concentrations of TiO 2 followed the pseudo-first order degradation, which was consistent with the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model. On a time basis, the degradation efficiencies of CBZ were in the following order: UV/Fenton (86.9% ± 1.7%) > UV/TiO 2 (70.4% ± 4.2%) > Fenton (67.8% ± 2.6%) > UV/H 2 O 2 (40.65 ± 5.1%) > UV (12.2% ± 1.4%). However, the lowest cost was obtained with the Fenton process.