SiO 2 @Y 2 O 3 :Eu hollow mesoporous microspheres were prepared by coating luminescent Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3? particles onto uniform silica spheres using melamine formaldehyde microspheres as sacrificial templates. Various approaches including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, photoluminescence spectroscopy and N 2 adsorption/desorption were used to characterize the samples. The results indicate that Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3? particles have been coated onto the hollow silica spheres with 300 nm thickness shell, and the composite microspheres exhibit mesoporous characteristics and have spherical morphology. Upon ultraviolet excitation, the composite shows the characteristic 5 D 0 -7 F 1-4 red emission lines of Eu 3? even after loading of the model drug. In addition, drug release tests suggest that the composite has a controlled drug release property with ibuprofen as the model drug.
Subglobose YBO 3 :Ln 3? (Eu, Tb) phosphors have been successfully synthesized via a simple solutionbased hydrothermal method using Y 2 (CO 3 ) 3 (H 2 O) 2 colloid spheres as the precursor. The crystal structure, morphology, chemical composition and photoluminescence property of the phosphors were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and fluorescence spectrophotometer. The as-prepared phosphors present subglobose morphology and have a diameter of about 1 lm. XRD and FTIR results confirm that the vaterite-type YBO 3 can be synthesized by this method. The YBO 3 :Eu 3? exhibited strong orange emission at 591 nm and red emission at 610 nm, which were respectively ascribed to the ( 5 D 0 -7 F 1 ) and ( 5 D 0 -7 F 2 ) transitions of Eu 3? . The YBO 3 :Tb 3? showed dominant green emission at 542 nm due to the 5 D 4 -7 F 5 transition of Tb 3? .
Electrochemical energy storage devices are becoming increasingly important in modern society for efficient energy storage. The use of these devices is mainly dependent on the electrode materials. As a newly discovered carbon allotrope, graphdiyne (GDY) is a two-dimensional full-carbon material. Its wide interlayer distance (0.365 nm), large specific surface area, special three-dimensional porous structure (18-C hexagon pores), and high conductivity make it a potential electrode material in energy storage devices. In this paper, based on the facile synthesis method and the unique porous structure of GDY, the applications of GDY in energy storage devices have been discussed in detail from the aspects of both theoretical predictions and recent experimental developments. The Li/Na migration and storage in mono-layered and bulk GDY indicate that GDY-based batteries have excellent theoretical Li/Na storage capacity. The maximal Li storage capacity in mono-layered GDY is LiC3 (744 mAh•g −1). The experimental Li storage capacity of GDY is similar to theoretical predictions. The experimental Li storage capacity of a thick GDY film is close to that of mono-layered GDY ' (744 mAh•g −1). A thin GDY film with double-side storage model has two-times the Li storage capacity (1480 mAh•g −1) of mono-layered GDY. Powder GDY has lower Li storage capacity than GDY film. The maximal Na storage capacity in GDY corresponds to NaC5.14 (316 mAh•g −1), and mono-layered GDY possesses higher theoretical Na storage capacity (NaC2.57). The experimental Na storage capacity (261 mAh•g −1) is similar to its theoretical value. Besides, GDY as electrode material, applied in metal-sulfur batteries, presents excellent electrochemical performance (in Li-S battery: 0.1C, 949.2 mAh•g −1 ; in Mg-S battery: 50 mA•g −1 , 458.9 mAh•g −1). This ingenious design presents a new way for the preparation of carbon-loaded sulfur. GDY electrode material is also successfully used in supercapacitors, including the traditional supercapacitor, Li-ion capacitors, and Na-ion capacitors. The traditional supercapacitor with GDY as the electrode material shows good double layer capacitance and pseudo-capacitance. Both Li-ion capacitor (100.3 W•kg −1 , 110.7 Wh•kg −1) and Na-ion capacitor (300 W•kg −1 , 182.3 Wh•kg −1) possess high power and energy densities. Moreover, the effects of synthesis of GDY nanostructure, heat treatment of GDY, and atom-doping in GDY on the performance of electrochemical energy storage will be introduced and discussed. The results indicate that GDY has great potential for application in different energy storage devices as an efficient electrode material.
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