As the aviation has realized the seriousness of pollution and emission issues, people have taken efforts to use renewable energy on planes or UAVs. This paper focused on the applications of solar and hydrogen energy to UAVs. A hybrid power system, consisting of solar cells, fuel cells and lithium batteries, was discussed. To achieve the hybridization of power sources, a prototype of a power management unit (PMU) was fabricated. After the installation of a test system for synthesizing power sources, PMU and load, a series of ground tests were executed to verify the mathematical model of lithium battery and the reliability of the hardware. Ground data confirmed the feasibility of hybrid power system.
In view of the solar array of the solar wing UAV, this paper presents a method of using Bird model and HDKR model to calculate the solution of sun light intensity, and thus the power can be calculated. According to the engineering requirements, it is convenient to calculate the results using DO model in fluent software. Both methods are relatively easy to calculate the surface of the solar array power generation. Finally, this paper makes a detailed analysis on the UAV solar array power characteristics. The flight latitude, season, heading angle and pitch angle of the solar powered UAV have an influence on the power generation characteristics and rules. The results show that the power of the solar power generation quantity, is not only related with the attributes of the battery itself, but also greatly influenced by the weather, season, the UAV flight attitude as well as the latitude and longitude.
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