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A superior structural stability of the ordered mesoporous CoMOx synthesized by using the KIT-6 template was observed under Fischer-Tropsch reaction conditions. The enhanced stability was attributed to a strong interaction of the irreducible metal oxides with the mesoporous Co3O4 by forming Co3O4-ZrO2 (or Co3O4-Al2O3), which resulted in showing a stable activity.

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The amount of carbon formed and the H2/CO molar ratio for the carbon dioxide reforming (CDR) reaction with methane were investigated on Ni/Al2O3 catalyst using a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor and a bench-scale fluidized-bed reactor. A significant suppression of carbon deposition in the fluidized-bed reactor compared with the fixed-bed reactor can be mainly induced from different product gas flow patterns by the continuous circulation of catalysts in oxidizing and reducing regions. This approach also enhances the gasification rate of deposited carbon in an expanded catalyst bed by increasing the amount of water adsorbed. The higher H2/CO ratio above 1.0 in the fluidized-bed reactor is also attributed to the enhanced gasification rate of deposited carbon precursors. The differences in the conversions of CH4 and CO2 and the H2/CO ratios in the two reactors are responsible for the different competitive rates of the reverse water–gas shift (RWGS) reaction, the Boudouard reaction, and the gasification of carbon precursors.