Inflammatory bowel disease is known to be associated
with alterations
in gut microbiota. The bioactive compound syringic acid has been shown
to alleviate inflammatory bowel disease, but its interaction with
gut microbiota and mechanism of action remain unclear. To address
this, we conducted a study in which we investigated the potential
benefits of syringic acid in a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium-induced
colitis through gut microbiota modulation. Our results show that oral
administration of syringic acid effectively reduced symptoms of colitis,
as indicated by reduced disease activity index, and histopathology
scores. Moreover, syringic acid administration enriched the abundance
of Alistipes and norank_f__norank_o__Gastranaerophilales in mice, suggesting a restoration of impaired gut microbiota. Notably,
we found that the effects of syringic acid were similar to those of
fecal microbiota transplantation in dextran sulfate sodium-induced
mice. Further analysis revealed that syringic acid inhibited the NLRP3-Cas-1-GSDMD-IL-1β
inflammatory vesicle signaling pathway, leading to amelioration of
colonic inflammation in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Our findings
demonstrate the potential of syringic acid as a preventive and therapeutic
agent for inflammatory bowel disease.
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