ⅢWe describe in this study the various ways that survivors may experience social support and conflict after a disaster. Using unstructured interviews, 25 Mexicans0Mexican Americans (14 women, 11 men) were asked to recount the ways that they received support, as well as the ways they experienced conflict. Interviews occurred across three cities: Guadalajara, Jalisco (n ϭ 9), Homestead, Florida (n ϭ 6), and Puerto Angel, Oaxaca (n ϭ 10). Recurrent themes were found for both support and conflict. Survivors reported more support from informal sources (family, neighbors) than formal sources (government) This research was supported by Grant No. RO1 MH51278 from the Prevention and Epidemiology Branch of the National Institute of Mental Health, Fran H. Norris, Principal Investigator. Gladys Ibañez coordinated the qualitative study. Appreciation is extended to Martha Rees, Manuel Esparza, Art Murphy, and Julia Perilla for their assistance in conducting the interviews; and to Nadya Khatchikian, Dolores Coronel Ortis, Salome Perez, and Leonor Angarita for transcribing and translating the interviews. Correspondence to: Fran H. Norris, Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, University Plaza Atlanta, GA 30303. E-mail: fnorris@gsu.edu Vol. 31, No. 1, 1-23 (2003) © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/jcop.10032 When a disaster strikes, its effects reverberate throughout the many social networks and political systems that exist within communities. As a community begins to tend to the physical and emotional wounds caused by the disaster, those networks and systems respond in various ways. The assumption is that communities will typically mobilize various informal and formal social support resources immediately following the disaster, but it is not clear whether this is always the case. An alternative outcome is that conflict may arise because of competition for limited resources. There is still much to be learned about what factors contribute to variations in community response. The present study is an exploratory study that examines three Mexican0Mexican American communities' responses to a disaster in the form of support mobilization or conflict. Specifically, are Mexican0Mexican American communities more likely to respond to a disaster by increasing social support or social conflict? A R T I C L E JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, IMPORTANCE OF CROSSCULTURAL RESEARCHAccording to Triandis and Brislin~1984!, by testing one's theory in different cultural contexts, the relevance and validity of the theory for all human beings~and not only one's own culture! can be established. Despite the benefits and the need to integrate culture and crosscultural considerations into our research activities and theoretical models, culture and cultural influences are factors that often go unrecognized by researchers~Sue, 1996!. Albert~1988! suggested several possible explanations for why this may occur, including investigators' lack of contact and expe...
This study explores perceptions of causes of and solutions for school violence in a sample of 202 parents interviewed in the wake of nationally publicized school shootings. We also investigate the effects the school shootings had on children, parents' perceptions regarding firearms, and changes in parenting behavior. Parents exhibited strong support for almost all proposed causes and solutions, and we address their desire for immediate and often invasive interventions to prevent future violence. We contrast parents' perceptions with their own parenting behaviors and with literature on effective interventions. Results are discussed within the context of policy implications.Editors' Strategic Implications: Parents' perceptions and behaviors are frequently influenced by history effects. The national attention received by school shootings provided an opportunity for exploration of those perceptions and self-reported behaviors. The authors provide evidence from timely surveys that parents struggle with identifying causal factors that may contribute to school violence and consequently support a myriad of strategies for intervention including very invasive environmental preventive strategies. The findings suggest that social scientists should play a proactive role in translating research-supported preventive strategies to effective replications in the community and make research available in formats that are available and comprehensible by the lay public.
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