We describe a new species of Ololygon from the Cerrado biome, Central Brazil. The new species is assigned to the Ololygon catharinae species group based in morphological attributes. Ololygon goya sp. nov. in known only from type locality—Sítio d’Abadia municipality, State of Goiás—and associated with riparian environments connected to seasonal dry forest on the banks of the Corrente river, a tributary of the Paranã river basin. The new species is characterized by the combination of the following characters: medium size (24.4–38.8 mm SVL); snout subovoid in dorsal view; canthus rostralis well defined; males with hypertrophied forearms and nuptial pads; inguinal region and hidden surfaces of thigh with irregular dark brown spots on pale yellowish background. We also describe the external morphology and oral morphology of tadpoles, and the advertisement calls of the new species.
The genus Odontophrynus is distributed throughout the Neotropics being represented by eleven species (Frost 2017). Recently, Caramaschi & Napoli (2012) presented a taxonomic revision of the species belonging to the Odontophrynus cultripes species group including the redescription of O. carvalhoi together with natural history attributes, advertisement call description and geographic distribution remarks.
The Rhinella crucifer species group currently comprises six species of toads: R. abei (Baldissera, Caramaschi & Haddad, 2004); R. crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1821); R. henseli (A. Lutz, 1934); R. ornata (Spix, 1824); R. pombali (Baldissera, Caramaschi & Haddad, 2004); and, R. inopina Vaz-Silva, Valdujo & Pombal, 2012. Recent genetic studies suggest five species in the R. crucifer species group and show evidence of hybridization between R. crucifer and R. ornata (Thomé et al. 2012).
Proceratophrys Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 currently comprises 40 species (Frost 2017) of which 15 are allocated into the Proceratophrys cristiceps species group (sensu Brandão et al. 2013). The species in this group are characterized by the absence of postocular swellings and, except for P. concavitympanum, are found in seasonally open habitats in Brazilian Cerrado and Caatinga morphoclimatic domains (Giaretta et al. 2000; Ávila et al. 2012; Teixeira Jr. et al. 2012; Brandão et al. 2013). Information on advertisement calls is available for 11 species of the group (Eterovick Sazima 1998; Nunes Juncá 2006; Brasileiro et al. 2008; Santana et al. 2010; Ávila et al. 2012; Martins Giaretta 2011; 2012; 2013; Ferreira et al. 2016). Proceratophrys branti Brandão, Carmaschi, Vaz-Silva Campos, 2013 has been recently described and allocated in the P. cristiceps species group. The species occurs in open areas in the north-central portion of the Brazilian Cerrado, in the states of Goiás, Minas Gerais and Tocantins (Brandão et al. 2013). Herein we describe for the first time its advertisement call, based on recordings made in an area of Cerrado biome in the state of Tocantins.
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