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Surface acidity of solids (ZSM-5 zeolites, Y zeolite, mordenite and Ca-bentonite) were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Hammett acidity functions; the n-butylamine titration method. In the amine titration method, acid strength of solids were found. The total acid amount of Y zeolite has the highest value among all others. The IR spectrums of all samples were recorded using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) technique. Pyridine adsorption and desorption processes have given some clues about the surface acidity of solids.

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The present paper should be considered as a study of the application of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy for surface clay characterization. The application of surface clay materials for water treatment, oil adsorption, excipients or as active using in drugs has largely increased these recent years. The surface clay material presents hydroxyl groups, which can link very easily water molecules. These hydroxyl groups can react with organic groups and by their vibration in the infra-red region, FTIR can be easily used as a technical method for surface clay characterization. In this paper, the basic clay mineral specimens (bentonite, sepiolite, kaolinite and perlite) were examined and shows the chemical compositions of the clay where alumina oxide and silica oxide are present in major quantity.