The Effect of Sterile Water Injection on the Management of Low Back Pain in the Active Phase of Labor: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled StudyBackground: Pregnant women experience severe low back pain during labour and it seems that some pregnant women do not manage pain effectively. Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the effect of Sterile Water Injection on low back pain in the active phase of labor. In addition, to examine the effects on vital signs, duration of labour, newborn APGAR score, pregnant satisfaction and to determine whether there is a difference between Intradermal and Subcutaneous Sterile Water Injection. Method: This study is a placebo-controlled, single-blind and randomized controlled trial. The study was conducted between July 2019-March 2020 with 132 pregnant, including Intradermal Sterile Water Injection (33 pregnant), Subcutaneous Sterile Water Injection (33 pregnant), placebo (Subcutaneous Saline Solution Injection) (33 pregnant) and control (33 pregnant). Pain scores were assessed at before and after intervention 30., 45., 60., 90. and 120. min using a Visual Analogue Scale. Results: It was determined that the severity of low back pain at birth in pregnant women in the Intradermal Sterile Water Injection, Subcutaneous Sterile Water Injection, placebo and control groups differed between the groups and the lowest pain severity belonged to the İntradermal Sterile Water Injection group (p=.048). Satisfaction of pregnant women from Sterile Water Injection was found higher in the İntradermal Sterile Water Injection group than in the other groups (p=.012). At the same time, that there was no statistically significant relationship between Sterile Water Injection and vital signs, newborn APGAR score and duration of labour (p=.468, p=.100, p=.346, respectively). Conclusion: With this study, it was determined that the Sterile Water Injection method is an effective method in reducing low back pain at birth, it does not have a negative effect on the vital signs of pregnant women and newborn APGAR scores, and that Intradermal Sterile Water Injection is more effective than Subcutaneous Sterile Water Injection. Pregnant women who need analgesic due to low back pain at birth, it is recommended that the use of Sterile Water Injection should be generalized, which is simple and economic.
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