The main purpose in the study was to examine the efficacy beliefs of Turkish EFL (English as a Foreign Language) teachers. Teachers' perceptions of their teaching efficacy regarding personal capabilities to teach English and their self-reported English proficiency level were also investigated. The data were collected through a survey completed by 54 teachers. Results indicated that teachers' perceived efficacy was correlated with their self-reported English proficiency, and that teachers' efficacy for instructional strategies was greater than their efficacy for management and engagement. The study provides useful insights into the need to help teachers develop their language proficiency that, in turn, has relevance for their perceived self-efficacy.
Abstract. After disasters, treatment of chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients is problematic because of logistic and medical reasons. This study analyzes features of HD practice in the regions affected by the Marmara earthquake that struck northwestern Turkey in August 1999. Questionnaires asking about HD infrastructure, medical/social problems of chronic dialysis patients, and the fate of dialysis personnel after the disaster were sent to dialysis units located in the affected region. Data gathered from eight HD centers that responded to questionnaires were then analyzed. The number of HD centers and machines were 12 and 124, respectively, before the earthquake. The number of weekly HD sessions in the analyzed eight centers declined from 1093 before the disaster to 520, 616, and 729 1 wk, 1 mo, and 3 mo after the earthquake, respectively. In the effective seven centers, the number of HD personnel was 112 before the earthquake, which dropped to 86 and 94 1 and 3 mo after the disaster, respectively. Overall, there were 439 patients in the analyzed eight centers before the disaster, whereas data were provided on 356 (212 were male; mean age, 47.6 Ϯ 15.1 yr) dialysis patients. Six patients died, and seven were seriously and 28 mildly injured by the direct effects of trauma. The percentage of patients who received once-weekly dialysis increased from 2.3 to 7.2% within the first week, with a return to lower figures (4.1 and 2.8%) 1 and 3 mo afterward. Despite a decrease in the number of HD sessions, interdialytic weight gain decreased 1 wk after the disaster and BP measurements did not change significantly before and after the earthquake. A total of 301 and 31 patients left their dialysis centers, temporarily and permanently. After catastrophic earthquakes, despite a decrease in the number of HD sessions, patients comply with disaster conditions, likely by strictly following dietary and fluid restrictions.
This study reports on a teacher-researcher’s introductions of literary works to undergraduates enrolled in literature course in the department of English during a thirteen-week experiment. The main focus in the study is on the investigation of the undergraduates’ attitudes toward the study of literature in English, as well as factors affecting their opinions. In doing so, the study aims to explore one possibility of how the teaching of literature can be made more accessible to EFL students, incorporating students’ literature preferences and attitudes along with the teacher’s own goals and selection of literary texts. The survey instrument employed in this study was a 27-item questionnaire administered to 105 undergraduates in the department of English. The results indicate that such a strategy for the teaching of literature which incorporates students’ literature preferences into teacher’s instructional practices will help students make considerable gains in both the literary and language competence.
This study aimed to determine the possible preventive effects of dexmedetomidine on postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective and potent α2 adrenergic agonist with sedative, analgesic, anxiolytic, sympatholytic, hemodynamic, and diuretic properties. In recent years, investigations have shown that dexmedetomidine possesses secondary antioxidant and also anti-inflammatory effects. Thirty Wistar albino male rats were randomized and divided into 3 groups of 10 animals each: group 1, sham-operated; group 2, cecal abrasion + peritoneal dissection; group 3, cecal abrasion + peritoneal dissection followed by daily intravenous injection of 10 μg/kg dexmedetomidine for 10 days. The animals were killed on postoperative day 21. Blood and cecal samples were taken for biochemical and histopathologic evaluation. In this study, biochemical and pathologic parameters were significantly better in the cecal abrasion + peritoneal dissection + dexmedetomidine group when compared with the cecal abrasion + peritoneal dissection group. Tissue malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, total sulfhydryl, and catalase were found to be significantly different between the cecal abrasion/peritoneal dissection + dexmedetomidine and the cecal abrasion/peritoneal dissection groups. Plasma malondialdehyde and total sulfhydryl values were also statistically different between these groups (P < 0.05). Statistical analyses of mean pathologic scores showed that the histopathologic damage in the cecal abrasion/peritoneal dissection + dexmedetomidine group was significantly less than the damage in the control group (P < 0.05 for all pathologic parameters). The results of this study show that dexmedetomidine had a significant preventive effect on postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions. We concluded that these effects might be due to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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