Interferon tau (IFN-τ) is a promising alternative antiviral and immunotherapeutic agent in a wide variety of diseases including infectious, neurodegenerative, autoimmune and cancer due to its low toxicity in comparison with other type I interferon´s. The objective of our study was established the effect of the bovine IFN-τ on human (SiHa) and murine (BMK-16/myc) cells transformed with HPV 16 and evaluates the antitumor effect in a murine tumor model HPV 16 positive. We determine that bovine IFN-τ has antiproliferative effects, pro-apoptotic activity and induces repression of viral E6 and E7 oncogenes (time- and dose-dependent) on human and murine cells transformed with HPV 16 similar to the effects of IFN-β. However, IFN-τ induces greater antiproliferative effect, apoptosis and repression of both oncogenes in BMK-16/myc cells compared to SiHa cells. The differences were explained by the presence and abundance of the type I interferon receptor (IFNAR) in each cell line. On the other hand, we treated groups of tumor-bearing mice (HPV16 positive) with IFN-τ and showed the inhibition tumor growth effect in vivo. Our finding indicates that bovine IFN-τ may be a good candidate for immunotherapy against cervical cancer.
Cellular immune response is the main immune response to eliminate human papillomavirus (HPV) infected cells. HPV vaccines are effective in preventing HPV infections through humoral response, but fail to protect against many HPV types and established infections. Approximately 15% of women infected with high risk HPV do not have an effective immune response.
In the natural history of HPV infection, the most conserved protein among human papillomavirus, helicase E1, is the first immunological target of HPV infected cells. Therefore, we characterized the cellular immune response against E1 protein in a mouse model.
Immunizations with E1 protein + αGalacsosyl Ceramide (αGalCer) promoted an E1-antigen specific CTL response in C57BL-6 mice. We measured a CD107a/b+Granzime-A kinetic to identify antigen specific populations through flow cytometry.
The anti-tumoral response is only present in those mice immunized along with the αGalCer adjuvant. Within the set of six mice, three of them did not have any tumors and the other three developed small tumors in comparison with the mice in the control group, which were not immunized. In conclusion, the E1-antigen specific CTL plays an important role against tumor growth expressing E1-Carboxyl terminal domain.
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