The relationship between economic growth, technological change, and institutions has been the subject of various theoretical evaluations. In this chapter, the relationship in question will be examined in the context of the systematics of thought of two great thinkers, J. A. Schumpeter and T. Veblen. In this study, evaluations are made by theoretically putting Schumpeter, who examines the effects of economic growth and institutional structure as the dominant factor of the change brought about by technological development, at one end of the spectrum and Veblen, who states that the structure of institutions and society is more dominant in technological change, on the other side.
The increase in environmental standards in developed countries and the efforts of developing countries to attract foreign direct investments (FDI) offer both a theoretical and an empirical research area. In practice, this situation, which can be seen as a shift of investments to countries with looser policies in order to avoid the costs of environmental regulations, is called the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH). In this study, the existence of the mentioned hypothesis for Türkiye's waste and energy sector is investigated. In order to test the hypothesis, linear time series analysis methods are used in the study. When the findings are examined, it is observed that the hypothesis is valid in both sectors.
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