✓ Thoracic spine arachnoid ossification is a relatively rare disease that affects mainly women and causes sensory, motor, and sphinctal symptoms associated with inferior limb pain. Based on three cases, the authors comment on pathogenic and surgery-related aspects of the disease. The patient in Case 1 was followed over the course of 23 years. Spinal cavitation is highlighted in Case 2, and yellow, gross, half-ring ossification is described in Case 3. Calcium deposits usually occur in the middle and lower thoracic spine where the majority of trabeculated arachnoid cells are located. Operative treatment does not interrupt the ossification process, which continues over time, causing progressive deterioration in the patient. Spinal cavitation can occur due to spinal cord tethering, stretching, and central cord edema formation, accompanied by cerebrospinal fluid blockage and pulse pressure changes. The results of surgical intervention are poor, offering short-term recovery with later deterioration. Multiple pathogenic factors are involved in this clinical syndrome including metabolic changes.

ResumoO objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar de forma seriada a função neurológica de pacientes com traumatismo de coluna vertebral e medula espinhal, correlacionando-a à reabilitação neurológica durante a internação e a terapêutica estabelecida. Foram estudados, de forma prospectiva, 92 pacientes portadores de traumatismo de coluna vertebral, durante o período de agosto de 2001 a março de 2003. As informações analisadas incluíram: classificação do déficit neurológico nas escalas ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association) e de Frankel, na admissão e alta, tratamento adotado, resultados obtidos e a evolução neurológica. Dos 92 casos, 67 estavam intactos neurologicamente, 16 tinham déficit neurológico completo e, em 8 casos, o déficit era incompleto na admissão. A escala ASIA dos 24 pacientes com déficit neurológico atingiu um índice motor médio de 41,7 (admissão) e 52,06 (alta), com uma diferença de 10,3 pontos. O índice sensitivo foi de 63,4 na admissão e de 82,4 na alta, com diferença de 19 pontos. Dos 38 casos cirúrgicos, 16 tinham déficit neurológico e 22 não. Destes, 21 permaneceram sem déficit com o tratamento cirúrgico e em um caso houve piora neurológica após a cirurgia, com recuperação posterior. Nos 16 casos com dano neurológico verificou-se que 9 melhoraram neurologicamente, 6 mantiveram-se inalterados e 1 piorou. O tratamento conservador foi adotado em 54 casos; entre esses, 4 apresentavam lesão neurológica completa e outros 4, lesão incompleta. Foi indicado quando havia contusão medular e as fraturas eram estáveis, consistindo em colete cervical ou lombar, repouso e analgesia. Seis evoluíram para melhora neurológica e dois permaneceram inalterados. O tratamento realizado (cirúrgico ou conservador) em 24 casos com déficit neurológico levou à melhora de 10,3 pontos no índice motor e de 19 pontos no índice sensitivo.

Objective Clarify the safety and efficacy of the endovascular treatment of distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) aneurysms, reporting outcomes of the aneurysms coiled in our service were compared with series of microsurgical treatment. The impact of embolization on ruptured or unruptured aneurysms remains controversial according to the current data, considering aneurysm from this topography should be aggressively treated due to their high incidence of rupture, currently there is a tend to prefer endovascular treatment. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study with 1092 patients admitted with cerebral aneurysm from October 2005 to March 2015 in our service. There were 31 cases of DACA aneurysms treated with the endovascular technique. These were compared with same topography aneurysms underwent to clipping. Results A total of 21 (67%) of 31 cases presented with ruptured aneurysms, 13 (59%) suffered clinical or radiological vasospasms, with modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores of 3-5 in 7 patients (31%), and 4 deaths (mRS 6), reaching 92% of occlusion at one year. Conclusion Endovascular approach is associated with high angiographic occlusion rates and security. ResumoObjetivo Para esclarecer a segurança e eficácia do tratamento endovascular dos aneurismas distais da artéria cerebral anterior distal (DACA), foram relatados os resultados de aneurismas embolizados em nosso serviço e comparados com séries de tratamento microcirúrgico. O impacto da embolização em aneurisma roto ou não roto permanece controverso com base nos dados atuais, considerando que o aneurisma dessa topografia deve ser tratado agressivamente devido à elevada incidência de ruptura, há uma tendência em preferir tratamento endovascular. Métodos Realizamos um estudo retrospectivo de 1092 pacientes admitidos com aneurisma cerebral entre Outubro de 2005 a Março de 2015 em nosso serviço. Haviam

Objective Compare 30 days mortality of patients harboring acute subdural hematomas in two series, one treated only by wide aspiration of hematoma and other with aspiration followed by decompressive craniectomy. Methods Comparing retrospectively two series of ASD with and without DC. Involved 81 TBI patients with acute subdural hematoma and GCS 8 (Jan 2000 to Nov 2014) arranged into two groups. Group 1 -58 cases underwent to DC. Group 2 -23 patients underwent only hematoma aspiration. Results Group 1 showed 44.8% mortality directly due to brain lesion within 30 days. The most frequent associated lesion were contusion in 37.2%. Group 2 the mortality within 30 days was 47.8%. The majority of deaths (82%) resulted from uncontrollable brain swelling, midline shift was present in 94.7% of patients. Conclusion High admission GCS and age less than 50 remain better outcome predictor in 30 days survival for patients undergoing surgery of traumatic ASDH.

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Objective To report a case of intradural extramedullary metastasis originated from a kidney neoplasm. Metastases in this topography occur in a low frequency, especially considering that the primary tumor was located along the urinary system. Case Report A male adult begins to present with pain in the lower limbs and develops flaccid paraparesis of the pelvic limbs, also attacking the control of the sphincter. The patient had a previous history of right nephrectomy due to a kidney neoplasm. After investigation with imaging exams, a metastatic lesion was found to be the source of the symptoms. The patient was surgically treated by the neurosurgery team of the hospital. Conclusion Cases like this are not common, and considering the low incidence of these cases and the nonspecific symptoms, such as pain, we do not always come up with the hypothesis of a metastasis in this topography. The surgical treatment, although it is a palliative feature, has an important part in maintaining the performance and the quality of life of the patient.

Objective This retrospective study aimed to analyze prognostic factors, effects of treatment, and survival outcome of patients with brain metastasis from melanoma at a single institution over the last 22 years. Methods Study transversal retrospective of 34 patients with brain metastases from melanoma, histologically proven, surgically treated by the Department of Neurosurgery at the Hospital Santa Isabel, Blumenau, over 22 years. Results The median patient age was 50 years and 67.6% of the patients were men. Most patients (70.6%) had a single cerebral metastasis and 29.4% had two three injuries. Twenty percent of the patients in this series had evidence of extracranial metastasis. The KPS at presentation was !70 in 12 patients (35.2%). Evidence of recurrent intracranial melanoma was found during follow-up review in 17.6% of patients. The overall median survival time from diagnosis of cerebral metastasis was 14.4 months. The absence of extracranial metastasis was associated with a significantly prolonged survival (p ¼ 0.052), as was adjuvant therapy (p ¼ 0.02). Conclusion The early diagnosis, with total resection of melanoma metastasis and association of adjuvant therapies showed a positive influence on survival. However, the number of lesions and extracranial disease decreased the survival rates.