Different short fibers (glass, carbon, cellulose, polyamide, and polyester with aspect, length/diameter, ratio of 600, 860, 500, 83, and 330 respectively) were added to styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix filled with an inorganic semireinforcing mineral (sepiolite). In all cases, 18 parts by volume of fiber per 100 parts by mass of rubber were added. The fiber orientation attained (more than 60%) was evaluated by a ratio of directional mechanics on uncured samples. In glass and carbon fiber composites, because of decreases in fiber aspect ratio after mixing (10 and 35 respectively), no improvements in properties were obtained. The presence of fibers yields a large increase in green strength, stress at low strain, and tear strength. Logically, the elongation at break diminishes. The uncured and cured properties present a remarkable anisotropy. The adhesive employed (resorcinol‐formaldehyde) to increase fiber‐to‐matrix adhesion enhanced the composite properties, especially in the case of polyester fiber composites. Thus, for polyester fiber composites, green strength became 15.85 kg/cm2; stress at 25% strain, 10.2 MPa; tensile strength, 6.3 MPa; elongation at break, 36%; tear strength, 70 N; and swelling in longitudinal direction, 1.06.
It is possible to obtain silicas with different textural characteristics from natural silicates by means of an acid treatment, where the textural characteristics of the new silicas obtained are greatly influenced by the reaction conditions. The mechanodynamical behavior of compounds filled with these silicas and based on Styrenebutadiene rubber (SBR) matrices was studied. The influence of the textural characteristics on dynamic properties is explained in terms of the stiffness, porosity, and structure of the silica particles. Silicas obtained at drastic reaction conditions yield compounds with a higher storage modulus, E′, at low strain amplitudes, but with a lower storage modulus at high strain amplitudes. The maximum loss factor, tanδ, is a function of the silica external surface area.
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