Novel ruthenium−letrozole complexes have been prepared, and cell viability of two human cancer cell types (breast and glioblastoma) was determined. Some ruthenium compounds are known for their cytotoxicity to cancer cells, whereas letrozole is an aromatase inhibitor administered after surgery to post-menopausal women with hormonally responsive breast cancer. A significant in vitro activity was established for complex 5·Let against breast cancer MCF-7 cells and significantly lower activity against glioblastoma U251N cells. The activity of 5·Let was even higher than that of 4, a compound analogous to the well-known drug RAPTA-C. Results from the combination of 5·Let (or 4) with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or with curcumin, respectively, revealed that the resultant cancer cell death likely involves 5·Let-induced autophagy.
■ INTRODUCTIONBreast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women, accounting for 23% of total cancer cases in women, and 14% of cancer deaths.
Acute calcific tendinopathy of the popliteus tendon is a rare medical entity associated with significant patient discomfort. We present the case of a previously healthy 48-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with acute onset of left knee pain. Initial radiographs revealed calcifications within the posterolateral compartment of the knee. Ultrasound imaging demonstrated a swollen and hypoechoic popliteus tendon with an increased color Doppler signal at the periphery of the tendon as well as calcification in the tendon and adjacent soft tissues. Subsequently performed MRI revealed a thickened and heterogeneous popliteus tendon near its femoral attachment with marked edematous changes surrounding the tendon. Local ultrasound-guided glucocorticoid injection had successful clinical results with no recurrence at 8-month follow-up. In this case report we review the literature for similar previously reported cases. This case report of popliteus tendon calcific tendinopathy provides comprehensive multimodality imaging findings and a description of its non-surgical management.
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