The displacement of civilians during a protracted war is a difficult issue that deserves our attention, and Iraq is unfortunately an emblematic example of this phenomenon. Based on the literature produced by humanitarian organizations and academia, this article aims at analyzing what triggers displacement in protracted conflict, highlighting the role of international humanitarian law (IHL) violations. It discusses how Iraq has been struggling with acts of violence, hostilities and IHL violations that have generated displacement and human suffering.
Pendant la Grande Guerre, les pays engagés dans l’assistance aux victimes du conflit ont abondamment communiqué sur leur action. Pourquoi ? Avec quels arguments ? À travers l’étude des cas suisse et américain, cet article a pour ambition de souligner les objectifs de la rhétorique humanitaire. Si la forme et la postérité de cette dernière varient suivant les pays, le fond connaît des similitudes. Ce discours a ainsi une utilité en politique étrangère, justifiant la neutralité ou rassurant l’Entente. Mais il sert également à des fins de politique interne en s’intégrant pleinement dans les processus de mobilisation des esprits. Enfin, ces constatations peuvent être étendues à d’autres puissances neutres et mettent ainsi en évidence le côté profondément transnational de cette rhétorique.
Presidents of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) occupy a special position: they are not only direct witnesses to the march of history, but they also participate in it given their prominent role in the humanitarian sphere. This dual status becomes particularly salient when they write about the organization they run. By reviewing the published writings of ICRC presidents, this article analyzes how these individuals combine their personal experience with the organization's history, and the role this history plays in their writing.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.