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The Cemitério Paleolake, Catalão, Goiás, is a lacustrine deposit that is rich in spicules of continental sponges. These spicules, which are present in three sections (1-3), were analyzed for the taxonomic identification of the species in order to reconstruct the late Quaternary palaeoenvironment. An indigenous assemblage of lentic sponges was found, consisting of Metania spinata (Carter 1881), Dosilia pydanieli Volkmer-Ribeiro (1992), Radiospongilla amazonensis Volkmer- Ribeiro and Maciel (1983), Trochospongilla variabilis Bonetto and Ezcurra de Drago (1973), Corvomeyenia thumi (Traxler 1895), Heterorotula fistula VolkmerRibeiro and Motta (1995), plus Corvoheteromeyenia australis (Bonetto and Ezcurra de Drago 1966), which here has its first record in an assemblage formed by biosiliceous deposits. Furthermore, at the base of the sections, spicules of sponges from lotic environments were detected, including Corvospongilla seckti Bonetto and Ezcurra de Drago (1966), Oncosclera navicella (Carter 1881) and Eunapius fragilis (Leidy 1851), which suggests a contribution from flowing water. We identified 25 spongofacies horizons caused by sponge assemblages typical of a lentic environment, dated from at least 39,700 years BP., and currently occurring in lakes typical of the Cerrado Biome.

-The presence of freshwater sponge spicules was analyzed in samples of peaty sediments obtained in two vibro-cores from the Taquarussu region (22º30'S, 52º20'W, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil) . Drago, 1966 and Trochospongilla repens Hinde, 1888. The first two species are typical of lentic environments and the other two of lotic habitats. These two pairs of species are found in alternating throughout the length of core 2, indicating flooding pulses, which may be responsible for the peat formation and accumulation along the river Esperança marginal embayments during the Holocene. There is also evidence of a wetter period between 4,610 and 4,010 years BP. The results corroborate the palynological studies previously produced for the region. This is the first dated fossil record of Heterorotula fistula and Trochospongilla repens.

In a recent outbreak of human ocular injuries that occurred in the town