Cancer is the second most frequent cause of death, 1 with nearly half a million individuals in Brazil diagnosed with it every year.2 It has been suggested that efforts should be directed at increasing the amount of cancer research performed in Brazil, a country where the epidemiologic burden of the disease is not matched by a proportional increase in related research investments.3 Although the amount of cancer research is increasing in Brazil,4 there is a general impression that clinical research in particular is gaining substantial momentum. This is largely because pharmaceutical companies and contract research organizations have identified Brazil as an attractive site with rapid patient accrual and high quality data collection. Indeed, several recently published major oncology studies have included a substantial number of patients from Brazil, thus ensuring co-authorship of these articles to Brazilian investigators. [5][6][7][8][9] It would be interesting to investigate the extent to which the increase in research is related to projects that originate in Brazil, as opposed to instances in which a trial is conceived by international researchers with Brazilian investigators contributing to patient accrual. To that end, we analyzed Brazilian studies presented at American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meetings. This venue is considered the largest forum for oncology professionals from all over the world to report the latest advances in cancer research.10 Although the main focus of the meeting is on medical oncology, the ASCO Annual Meeting is a venue for research presentations in all areas of clinical oncology. On the other hand, studies on radiation oncology, surgical oncology, pediatric oncology, and hematologic malignancy, although frequently presented at ASCO Annual Meetings, have other important venues for presentation.We Additionally, approximately 40% of the studies (termed "publication only") only appear in the Program Proceedings. We defined Brazilian studies as those in which at least twothirds of the involved institutions were from Brazil. For cases in which there were two institutions and one of them was Brazilian, we decided by consensus whether the study also qualified as Brazilian.We identified 154 Brazilian studies (0.90%); the main characteristics of these studies are shown in Table 1 (Table 2) showed a statistically significant increase over the 5 year period (P=0.011). Support from the pharmaceutical industry was declared in seven abstracts, always in association with clinical studies. Two Brazilian studies were selected for oral presentation, 6 were selected for oral discussion by invited speakers (in "poster discussion" sessions), 41 were presented as posters, and 105 (68.2%) appeared as "publication only". There was no statistically significant trend regarding the proportion of studies in the "publication only" category (P=0.407).Only 26 of the 154 studies (16.9%) were published in
A pesquisa clínica está crescendo no Brasil, e muitos dos estudos recentes importantes no campo da oncologia incluíram um número substancial de pacientes brasileiros. Entretanto, é difícil estabelecer até que ponto ocorreu um aumento proporcional da pesquisa originada no Brasil. Objetivou-se responder a essa questão através de uma análise bibliométrica de estudos brasileiros apresentados nos Encontros Anuais da American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). Foi realizada uma busca manual dos 24.998 abstracts publicados nos Anais do Encontro da ASCO durante os anos de 2001 a 2007. Os abstracts definidos como brasileiros foram aqueles em que pelo menos dois terços das instituições eram do Brasil. Foram identificados 244 estudos brasileiros (0,97% do total). Houve um aumento significativo da proporção de estudos brasileiros ao longo dos anos compreendidos pelo estudo (P=0,017). Dos 244 estudos, 69,6% não foram apresentados no encontro, aparecendo apenas nos Anais como publication only. Depois de um seguimento mediano de 35 meses, apenas 16,9% dos abstracts de 2001 a 2005 foram publicados em revistas indexadas nas bases de dados Medline e Lilacs, com um tempo mediano até a publicação de 13,5 meses. Este estudo demonstra empiricamente o aumento da produção científica por parte dos pesquisadores brasileiros na área de oncologia, mas sugere também que é necessário um esforço para aumentar a taxa de publicação dos estudos.
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