Concrete is a material with high compressive strength, but predisposed to shrinkage cracking, rapid cracks propagation, and brittle failures. The incorporation of fibre is an acceptable solution to reduce these limitations. However, high cost and energy consumption related to man-made fibres have placed natural fibres as an attractive sustainable alternative, especially considering that different natural fibres are industrial waste (as the Eucalyptus globulus bark fibre). Still, natural fibres can produce an important reduction of concrete strength. Hence, the objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of Eucalyptus globulus bark fibre in traditional concrete mechanical properties as compressive and flexural strength. For this, an experimental program was developed in such a way that reduces the results uncertainties and increases the power of decision regarding the percentage and fibre conditions of the samples. The results indicate that, unlike other natural fibres, the traditional mechanical properties have a slight reduction and acceptable workability. This fact is more evident in the samples with 0.50% fibre with respect to the weight of cement. Therefore, reinforcing mortars and concrete with Eucalyptus globulus bark fibres emerges as an eco-friendly building alternative to reuse this industrial waste.
Rabbits were intrarectally infected with 3 doses (5 x 103 5 x 105, and 5 x 107) of an obligate intracellular parasite, Encephalitozoon cuniculi, with or without prior colonic lavages. Although chronic administration of enemas seems to interfere to some degree with the intestinal translocation of the parasite, systemic infection was observed in both manipulated and nonmanipulated animals. The animals responded with antibodies of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG isotypes, reflecting the route of infection. They also produced significant amounts of circulating immune complexes composed of IgA and IgG antibodies and E. cuniculi antigens. Lesions compatible with encephalitozoonosis were seen in the liver, kidney, lung, and brain. In all instances, nonmanipulated animals had more severe lesions than manipulated rabbits given the same dose of parasites. Levels of serum antibodies, circulating immune complexes, and histopathologic changes were associated with the infection dose. The presented data suggest that human microsporidiosis may also be transmitted via the rectal route. It is, therefore, of clinical relevance in view of several reports of microsporidian infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency.given in a single 1-ml volume deposited in the rectum with a 2225 on July 31, 2020 by guest http://iai.asm.org/ Downloaded from 2226 WICHER ET AL.
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