Glycosphingoid bases are elevated in inherited lysosomal storage disorders with deficient activity of glycosphingolipid catabolizing glycosidases. We investigated the molecular basis of the formation of glucosylsphingosine and globotriaosylsphingosine during deficiency of glucocerebrosidase (Gaucher disease) and α‐galactosidase A (Fabry disease). Independent genetic and pharmacological evidence is presented pointing to an active role of acid ceramidase in both processes through deacylation of lysosomal glycosphingolipids. The potential pathophysiological relevance of elevated glycosphingoid bases generated through this alternative metabolism in patients suffering from lysosomal glycosidase defects is discussed.
Acid ceramidase is responsible for the ultimate step in the catabolism of (glyco)sphingolipids by hydrolysis of ceramide into sphingosine and free fatty acid. Deficiency in acid ceramidase is the molecular basis of Farber disease. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of an activity-based acid ceramidase probe.
The design and synthesis of three novel polycyclic scaffolds containing sulfoximines are presented in this work, which exemplify that sulfoximines represent a real opportunity for the discovery of new drug candidates. Additionally, the structures present at least two points of diversification and contain a high level of sp-character, hence being very interesting 3D scaffolds. The compounds synthesized were added to the compound collection of the European Lead Factory.
N-Acylation of furfurylamines provided 1, which on double deprotonation with LDA led to the formation of N-acyl-5-aminopenta-2,4-dienals 2 via an isomerization involving opening of the furan ring. The scope and limitations of the procedure were examined by considering the influence of substituents on the carbonyl group and also on the heterocycle moiety. The efficacy of the reaction was shown to be very dependent on the nature of these groups.
Convenient and scalable syntheses of 2-substituted glutaconaldehyde salts were accomplished from the corresponding pyridinium salts. Glutaconaldehyde salts were additionally converted into aminopentadienal derivatives.
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