Endocarditis caused by Candida albicans was induced in rabbits after insertion of a catheter across the aortic valve. The mean survival time of 34 rabbits was 26 days. Only 7% of temperature recordings taken were elevated. Candida was recovered from only 9% of blood cultures taken. Precipitating and agglutinating serum antibody was detected after 12 days of infection. Antibody titers rose progressively until death in rabbits with endocarditis, whereas titers peaked early and subsequently decreased in animals that received an intravenous injection of C. albicans without precatheterization. Three groups of rabbits were treated for 6 days with amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, or the two durgs in combination. Amphotericin B alone reduced the mean titer of organisms from log10 8.79 +/- 1.46 to log 10 3.1 +/- 1.9 colony-forming units/g. 5-Fluorocytosine was less effective (mean titer after 6 days of therapy was log10 7.4 +/- 0.33 colony-forming units/g). The addition of 5-fluorocytosine to amphotericin B did not increase the rate at which Candida cells were eradicated from the vegetations. These in vivo results corrleated with the failure to demonstrate an increased rate of fungicidal activity in vitro with the two drugs.
It has been shown previously that the in vitro response of mouse spleen cells to two types of sheep erythrocytes (high-H SRBC; low- L SRBC)2 is under multi-gene control (1). We have concluded that there are common or shared antigen(s) (C) found on both types of SRBC and extra antigen(s) (E) unique to H SRBC. The responses of spleen cell suspensions from various strains of mice to H SRBC have been divided into three categories: non-discriminator (ND), low-discriminator (LD), and high-discriminator (HD) based on the ratios of the number of plaque-forming cells (PFC) seen with H and L SRBC when the response is assayed after 4 days of culture (1). Only LD and HD mice are able to respond to the extra antigens on H SRBC. The in vitro response of discriminator mice to the C antigens is normal in LD and low in HD mice. This concept is illustrated in Table I.
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