DISCUSSION ON EFFICIENCY OB STEAM-ENGIXES. [Minutes of Capt. Sankey. what absolute thermal efficiency did, as mentioned on the first page of the Paper. The standard thermal efficiency was useful for quite a different purpose, and the standard engine discussed in the Paper had reference only to steam-engines ; but a gas-engine could be compared with its B + diagram, as shown in Fig. 1, in an exactly similar manner, and the standard thermal efficiency of a gas-engine obtained. Thab there ought to be two thermal efficiencies, one to compare the absolute conversion into work by an engine, and the other to ascertain the degree of perfection under the conditions in which the engine was placed, Mr. Beaumont appeared to be in agreement with the Paper. He had laid on the Table a few copies of the B + chart, which was a graphic representation of the properties of steam. This chart showed the temperatures, pressures, and volumes of saturated steam and also the volumes of 1 lb. of H,O under various conditions (using that term to mean a mixture of steam and water) ; also the total heat expressed i n British thermal units required to evaporate water at constant pressure from 32" F.
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