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Beamforming (BF) technique in cooperative multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna arrays improves signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the intended user. The challenge is to design transmit beamforming vectors for every user while limiting the co-channel interference (CCI) from other users. In this paper, we proposed cooperative beamforming based on Signal-to-Leakage Ratio (SLR) to exploit the leakage power as a useful power in the second time slot after user cooperation, for this purpose successive interference cancellation (SIC) is employed in each user to separate the leakage signal from the desired signal. Without increasing the complexity, Maximizing Signal-to-Leakage Ratio (SLR) subject to proposed power constraint instead of a unity norm is the way to achieve extra leakage power. To reduce the erroneous, Bose–Chaudhuri–Hocquenghem (BCH) codes employed in Beamforming of (SIC) cooperative scheme BF(CS-SIC-BCH). Maximum-likelihood (ML) estimator method is used at each user receiver. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed scheme BF (CS-SIC-BCH) over Rayleigh and Rician fading channel is significantly better than the performance beamforming based on SLR in Non-cooperative system. More specifically to achieve a BER of about the required SNR for the proposed scheme is about 1 dB less than the Non-cooperative system.

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SUMMARYIn this letter, we propose a simple and useful approach based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) to help the determination process of the despreading sequences weighted by exponential chip weighting waveforms in a low processing gain direct sequence-code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) system. Numerical results show that the parameter values of the exponential chip weighting waveforms produced by the proposed network are nearly optimal and satisfactory in viewpoint of the achieved bit error rate (BER) performance.

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SUMMARYIt is well known that direct sequence-code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) receiver using exponentially weighted despreading function outperforms significantly receiver using rectangular despreading function. The maximum value of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for this type of receiver is an important indicator to evaluate the bit error rate (BER) performance of the system. In this paper, we propose an improved formula obtained by using simulated annealing (SA) algorithm to calculate the maximum value of the SINR. It is shown that the results computed by the proposed formula are more accurate than the results obtained by the simplified formula available in the literature.