Dissociation process of glutathione-gold(I) polymers in aqueous solution resulted in the formation of a class of ~2 nm gold nanoparticles. Different from the same sized but NaBH4 reduced gold nanoparticles, these nanoparticles exhibit strong luminescence but no surface plasmon absorption. Luminescence lifetimes of the nanoparticles were found strongly dependent on excitation wavelengths, and singlet and triplet excited states involving the emission were found degenerate in energy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies showed that nearly 40~50% gold atoms in the luminescent nanoparticles were in gold(I) state, which are responsible for the unique optical properties of the luminescent gold nanoparticles. These luminescent nanoparticles can be considered an intermediate state between luminescent gold(I) complexes and reduced nonluminescent gold nanoparticles.

The stacking of two-dimensional layered materials, such as semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), insulating hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and semimetallic graphene, has been theorized to produce tunable electronic and optoelectronic properties. Here we demonstrate the direct growth of MoS2, WSe2, and hBN on epitaxial graphene to form large-area van der Waals heterostructures. We reveal that the properties of the underlying graphene dictate properties of the heterostructures, where strain, wrinkling, and defects on the surface of graphene act as nucleation centers for lateral growth of the overlayer. Additionally, we show that the direct synthesis of TMDs on epitaxial graphene exhibits atomically sharp interfaces. Finally, we demonstrate that direct growth of MoS2 on epitaxial graphene can lead to a 10(3) improvement in photoresponse compared to MoS2 alone.

Most materials expand on heating, known as positive thermal expansion. There are some instances most of which have been discovered in the past decade to exhibit a negative thermal expansion (NTE). [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The nature of NTE behavior originates from the effect of atomic vibrations, (e.g., the low-energy transverse mode (ice), 2 the coupled rotation of rigid polyhedra (ZrW 2 O 8 , Fe[Co-(CN) 6 ]), 1,4 and active vibration modes of carbon fullerenes and nanotubes), 7 from the effect of magnetic transition (Invar alloy), 3 or from the changes in electron configuration (Sm 2.72 C 60 , YbCuAl). 8 The occurrence of NTE materials immediately found their important technical applications in many fields, because the overall thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) could be tailored by introduction of NTE materials. 1,2 In particular, zero thermal expansion (ZTE) is very interesting, where the volume neither expands nor contracts with the temperature fluctuation. 3-6 The ZTE could be achieved to form composite by combining the materials with positive thermal expansion with NTE materials. However, the fabrication of ZTE composite is hampered by the poor thermal stability of NTE compounds. For example, ZrW 2 O 8 will be decomposed at a relatively low temperature (777°C). 1 The requirement of ZTE will be satisfied if the ZTE is available in a single phase. Up to now, rare materials exhibit the novel ZTE, such as Invar alloys and Fe-[Co(CN) 6 ]. 3,4 Moreover, the ZTE generally appears in a low temperature (below room temperature). The ZTE over a wider temperature range would be very useful for the applications.PbTiO 3 (PT) as an important perovskite-type multifunctional material exhibits a unique NTE in the perovskite family. 9,10 The unit cell volume of PT contracts over a wide temperature range in the ferroelectric phase (25-490°C) with an average intrinsic volumetric TEC (-1.99 × 10 -5°C-1 ). 9b The NTE of PT-based compounds can be controlled over a large range from -0.11 × 10 -5 to -3.92 × 10 -5°C-1 , which covers the range found in almost all other known NTE oxides. 9 However, a low or ZTE could only be achieved by sacrificing the temperature range, that is, reducing the Curie point (T C ), such as for Pb 0.80 La 0.20 TiO 3 (-0.11 × 10 -5°C -1 , 25-130°C). 9b It is a challenge to expand ZTE to the hightemperature range. On the basis of our previously studied PbTiO 3 -based compounds, we could only access a low expansion or ZTE by reducing the tetragonality (c/a), resulting in the decrease in the ZTE temperature range (region II in Figure 1). To obtain the ZTE in a wider temperature range, a kind of PbTiO 3 -based compound should be found in the region I where c/a is large and the absolute value of TEC is low (Figure 1). Recently, in the PbTiO 3 -BiMeO 3 (Me is cations with an average valence +3), the Bi substitution plays an unusual role in which both T C and c/a are considerably enhanced, owing to the strong coupling between the Pb/Bi cations and the B-site cations with strong ferroelectricity activity, suc...

Background0.17–2% of mature cystic teratoma of the ovary (MCTO) undergo malignant transformation, of which 80% are squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) transformation in MCTO. We aim to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of SCC transformation in MCTOMethodsWe systematically searched PubMed database and individual patient data about SCC transformation in MCTO were extracted. The published cases were combined with 6 cases of SCC transformation in MCTO from Qilu Hospital, Shandong University.ResultsThe incidence of SCC transformation in MCTO was 0.3%. A total of 435 cases of SCC transformation in MCTO were enrolled in the analysis. The mean age of diagnosis was 53.5 (range 19–87) years old. The most common clinical manifestations were abdominal pain (47.3%) and abdominal mass (26.0%). StageI,II, III and IV accounted for 50.0, 18.8, 26.8 and 4.4% of all cases, respectively. Patients with stage I had significantly better prognosis than stage II, III and IV patients (P < 0.01). Hysterectomy can improve overall survival (P < 0.01). For patients younger than 45 years old with stageIA orIC, there was no difference in mortality between fertility-sparing and radical surgery (P = 1.00). Adjuvant chemotherapy can improve survival in patients with advanced stage (P = 0.02), and chemotherapy with platinum was related to better prognosis (P = 0.02).ConclusionSCC transformation in MCTO is a rare malignancy mainly occurs in older age. FIGO stage is an independent prognostic factor. Hysterectomy and platinum-based chemotherapy are associated with better survival. Fertility-sparing surgery is feasible for young patients with early stage.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5393-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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and least radiogenic Nd (eNd---5.6) from along the magmatic front of the arc. Despite highly elevated concentrations of fluid-mobile lithophile elements in the lavas, the similarity of diagnostic element ratios (e.g., Ba/La, Pb/Ce, and U/Th) to those in mid-ocean ridge basalts and ocean island basalts indicates little role for fluid-induced elemental fractionation in the generation of these shoshonites. Modeling isotopic data allows up to 6% subducted sediments to be involved, but oxygen isotopic evidence limits this to < 3%. Low-P fractionation explains most of the chemical variations observed in these shoshonites. Removal of < 2% Ti-rich phases could fractionate HFSE from LIL, indicating an important role for low-P fractionation. Although many features of these shoshonites are consistent with a greater role for subducted sediments, such a role is not accompanied by an unequivocal and universal signal in both isotopic compositions and trace element abundances and fractionations. This signifies a large role for both equilibration of these melts with mantle and for low-pressure fractionation.

: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy, whose incidence rate is on the rise. However, the underlying mechanisms of endometrial cancer are not very clear yet. miRNAs have been considered to be playing important roles in malignant behavior. Here, miR-652 was significantly upregulated in endometrial cancer, which correlated with shorter overall survival and earlier recurrence. Moreover, overexpression of miR-652 in endometrial cancer cells promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion and facilitated tumor growth and metastasis. In contrast, downregulation of miR-652 in endometrial cancer cells inhibited these processes both and. Mechanistically, miR-652 promotes proliferation and metastasis through directly targeting . Both mRNA and protein level of RORA were negatively related with miR-652 and overexpression of RORA can rescue the promotion effect of miR-652. Further experiments indicated miR-652 overexpression can activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and RORA can downregulate β-catenin and function as a tumor suppressor in endometrial cancer. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that miR-652 functions as an oncomir in endometrial cancer. IMPLICATIONS: This study suggests that the miR-652 is a critical regulator of proliferation and metastasis in endometrial cancer and may serve as a therapeutic target.

[1] Geochemical data (CH 4 , SO 4 2À , IÀ , Cl À , particulate organic carbon (POC), 13 C-CH 4 , and 13 C-CO 2 ) are presented from the upper 30 m of marine sediment on a tectonic submarine accretionary wedge offshore southwest Taiwan. The sampling stations covered three ridges (Tai-Nan, Yung-An, and Good Weather), each characterized by bottom simulating reflectors, acoustic turbidity, and different types of faulting and anticlines. Sulfate and iodide concentrations varied little from seawater-like values in the upper 1-3 m of sediment at all stations ; a feature that is consistent with irrigation of seawater by gas bubbles rising through the soft surface sediments. Below this depth, sulfate was rapidly consumed within 5-10 m by anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) at the sulfate-methane transition. Carbon isotopic data imply a mainly biogenic methane source. A numerical transport-reaction model was used to identify the supply pathways of methane and estimate depth-integrated turnover rates at the three ridges. Methane gas ascending from deep layers, facilitated by thrusts and faults, was by far the dominant term in the methane budget at all sites. Differences in the proximity of the sampling sites to the faults and anticlines mainly accounted for the variability in gas fluxes and depth-integrated AOM rates. By comparison, methane produced in situ by POC degradation within the modeled sediment column was unimportant. This study demonstrates that the geochemical trends in the continental margins offshore SW Taiwan are closely related to the different geological settings.